1.源代码
;代码清单5-1
;文件名：c05_mbr.asm
;文件说明：硬盘主引导扇区代码
;创建日期：2011-3-31 21:15
mov ax,0xb800 ;指向文本模式的显示缓冲区
mov es,ax
;以下显示字符串"Label offset:"
mov byte [es:0x00],'L'
mov byte [es:0x01],0x07
mov byte [es:0x02],'a'
mov byte [es:0x03],0x07
mov byte [es:0x04],'b'
mov byte [es:0x05],0x07
mov byte [es:0x06],'e'
mov byte [es:0x07],0x07
mov byte [es:0x08],'l'
mov byte [es:0x09],0x07
mov byte [es:0x0a],' '
mov byte [es:0x0b],0x07
mov byte [es:0x0c],"o"
mov byte [es:0x0d],0x07
mov byte [es:0x0e],'f'
mov byte [es:0x0f],0x07
mov byte [es:0x10],'f'
mov byte [es:0x11],0x07
mov byte [es:0x12],'s'
mov byte [es:0x13],0x07
mov byte [es:0x14],'e'
mov byte [es:0x15],0x07
mov byte [es:0x16],'t'
mov byte [es:0x17],0x07
mov byte [es:0x18],':'
mov byte [es:0x19],0x07
mov ax,number ;取得标号number的偏移地址
mov bx,10
;设置数据段的基地址
mov cx,cs
mov ds,cx
;求个位上的数字
mov dx,0
div bx
mov [0x7c00+number+0x00],dl ;保存个位上的数字
;求十位上的数字
xor dx,dx
div bx
mov [0x7c00+number+0x01],dl ;保存十位上的数字
;求百位上的数字
xor dx,dx
div bx
mov [0x7c00+number+0x02],dl ;保存百位上的数字
;求千位上的数字
xor dx,dx
div bx
mov [0x7c00+number+0x03],dl ;保存千位上的数字
;求万位上的数字
xor dx,dx
div bx
mov [0x7c00+number+0x04],dl ;保存万位上的数字
;以下用十进制显示标号的偏移地址
mov al,[0x7c00+number+0x04]
add al,0x30
mov [es:0x1a],al
mov byte [es:0x1b],0x04
mov al,[0x7c00+number+0x03]
add al,0x30
mov [es:0x1c],al
mov byte [es:0x1d],0x04
mov al,[0x7c00+number+0x02]
add al,0x30
mov [es:0x1e],al
mov byte [es:0x1f],0x04
mov al,[0x7c00+number+0x01]
add al,0x30
mov [es:0x20],al
mov byte [es:0x21],0x04
mov al,[0x7c00+number+0x00]
add al,0x30
mov [es:0x22],al
mov byte [es:0x23],0x04
mov byte [es:0x24],'D'
mov byte [es:0x25],0x07
infi: jmp near infi ;无限循环
number db 0,0,0,0,0
times 203 db 0
db 0x55,0xaa
2. 生成.lst文件和bin文件
nasm c05_mbr.asm -l c05_mbr.lst -o c05_mbr.bin
2.1 .lst文件分析
从左到右，分别对应:行号/汇编地址/机器指令/汇编代码
1 ;代码清单5-1
2 ;文件名：c05_mbr.asm
3 ;文件说明：硬盘主引导扇区代码
4 ;创建日期：2011-3-31 21:15
5
6 00000000 B800B8 mov ax,0xb800 ;指向文本模式的显示缓冲区
7 00000003 8EC0 mov es,ax
8
9 ;以下显示字符串"Label offset:"
10 00000005 26C60600004C mov byte [es:0x00],'L'
11 0000000B 26C606010007 mov byte [es:0x01],0x07
12 00000011 26C606020061 mov byte [es:0x02],'a'
13 00000017 26C606030007 mov byte [es:0x03],0x07
14 0000001D 26C606040062 mov byte [es:0x04],'b'
15 00000023 26C606050007 mov byte [es:0x05],0x07
16 00000029 26C606060065 mov byte [es:0x06],'e'
17 0000002F 26C606070007 mov byte [es:0x07],0x07
18 00000035 26C60608006C mov byte [es:0x08],'l'
19 0000003B 26C606090007 mov byte [es:0x09],0x07
20 00000041 26C6060A0020 mov byte [es:0x0a],' '
21 00000047 26C6060B0007 mov byte [es:0x0b],0x07
22 0000004D 26C6060C006F mov byte [es:0x0c],"o"
23 00000053 26C6060D0007 mov byte [es:0x0d],0x07
24 00000059 26C6060E0066 mov byte [es:0x0e],'f'
25 0000005F 26C6060F0007 mov byte [es:0x0f],0x07
26 00000065 26C606100066 mov byte [es:0x10],'f'
27 0000006B 26C606110007 mov byte [es:0x11],0x07
28 00000071 26C606120073 mov byte [es:0x12],'s'
29 00000077 26C606130007 mov byte [es:0x13],0x07
30 0000007D 26C606140065 mov byte [es:0x14],'e'
31 00000083 26C606150007 mov byte [es:0x15],0x07
32 00000089 26C606160074 mov byte [es:0x16],'t'
33 0000008F 26C606170007 mov byte [es:0x17],0x07
34 00000095 26C60618003A mov byte [es:0x18],':'
35 0000009B 26C606190007 mov byte [es:0x19],0x07
36
37 000000A1 B8[2E01] mov ax,number ;取得标号number的偏移地址
38 000000A4 BB0A00 mov bx,10
39
40 ;设置数据段的基地址
41 000000A7 8CC9 mov cx,cs
42 000000A9 8ED9 mov ds,cx
43
44 ;求个位上的数字
45 000000AB BA0000 mov dx,0
46 000000AE F7F3 div bx
47 000000B0 8816[2E7D] mov [0x7c00+number+0x00],dl ;保存个位上的数字
48
49 ;求十位上的数字
50 000000B4 31D2 xor dx,dx
51 000000B6 F7F3 div bx
52 000000B8 8816[2F7D] mov [0x7c00+number+0x01],dl ;保存十位上的数字
53
54 ;求百位上的数字
55 000000BC 31D2 xor dx,dx
56 000000BE F7F3 div bx
57 000000C0 8816[307D] mov [0x7c00+number+0x02],dl ;保存百位上的数字
58
59 ;求千位上的数字
60 000000C4 31D2 xor dx,dx
61 000000C6 F7F3 div bx
62 000000C8 8816[317D] mov [0x7c00+number+0x03],dl ;保存千位上的数字
63
64 ;求万位上的数字
65 000000CC 31D2 xor dx,dx
66 000000CE F7F3 div bx
67 000000D0 8816[327D] mov [0x7c00+number+0x04],dl ;保存万位上的数字
68
69 ;以下用十进制显示标号的偏移地址
70 000000D4 A0[327D] mov al,[0x7c00+number+0x04]
71 000000D7 0430 add al,0x30
72 000000D9 26A21A00 mov [es:0x1a],al
73 000000DD 26C6061B0004 mov byte [es:0x1b],0x04
74
75 000000E3 A0[317D] mov al,[0x7c00+number+0x03]
76 000000E6 0430 add al,0x30
77 000000E8 26A21C00 mov [es:0x1c],al
78 000000EC 26C6061D0004 mov byte [es:0x1d],0x04
79
80 000000F2 A0[307D] mov al,[0x7c00+number+0x02]
81 000000F5 0430 add al,0x30
82 000000F7 26A21E00 mov [es:0x1e],al
83 000000FB 26C6061F0004 mov byte [es:0x1f],0x04
84
85 00000101 A0[2F7D] mov al,[0x7c00+number+0x01]
86 00000104 0430 add al,0x30
87 00000106 26A22000 mov [es:0x20],al
88 0000010A 26C606210004 mov byte [es:0x21],0x04
89
90 00000110 A0[2E7D] mov al,[0x7c00+number+0x00]
91 00000113 0430 add al,0x30
92 00000115 26A22200 mov [es:0x22],al
93 00000119 26C606230004 mov byte [es:0x23],0x04
94
95 0000011F 26C606240044 mov byte [es:0x24],'D'
96 00000125 26C606250007 mov byte [es:0x25],0x07
97
98 0000012B E9FDFF infi: jmp near infi ;无限循环
99
100 0000012E 0000000000 number db 0,0,0,0,0
101
102 00000133 00<rept> times 203 db 0
103 000001FE 55AA db 0x55,0xaa
1.当编译好的程序加载到物理内存后，它在段内的偏移地址和它在编译阶段的汇编地址是相等的
2.因为源程序的编译是从上往下的，而内存地址的增长是从下往 上的(从低地址往高地址方向增长)，所以箭头交叉，如下图
2.2 汇编代码对应机器指令
汇编代码：
mov ax,0xb800
B800B8
B8:表示指令mov ax
00B8:是操作数，对应0xb800,只不过是按照先写低位字节，再写高位，所有0xb800,对应00b8
3.分析bin文件
这个bin文件为MBR主引导扇区代码，占512Byte,最后以55AA结束来标志
Master Boot Record:是硬盘的第一个扇区，即C/H/S地址的0柱面0磁头1扇区，也叫做MBR扇区
3.1 加载MBR流程
BIOS开机自检—BIOS加载MBR—至内存物理地址0x7c00处—BIOS程序跳转至0x7c00处开始执行代码
Offset: 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F
00000000: B8 00 B8 8E C0 26 C6 06 00 00 4C 26 C6 06 01 00 8.8.@&F...L&F...
00000010: 07 26 C6 06 02 00 61 26 C6 06 03 00 07 26 C6 06 .&F...a&F....&F.
00000020: 04 00 62 26 C6 06 05 00 07 26 C6 06 06 00 65 26 ..b&F....&F...e&
00000030: C6 06 07 00 07 26 C6 06 08 00 6C 26 C6 06 09 00 F....&F...l&F...
00000040: 07 26 C6 06 0A 00 20 26 C6 06 0B 00 07 26 C6 06 .&F....&F....&F.
00000050: 0C 00 6F 26 C6 06 0D 00 07 26 C6 06 0E 00 66 26 ..o&F....&F...f&
00000060: C6 06 0F 00 07 26 C6 06 10 00 66 26 C6 06 11 00 F....&F...f&F...
00000070: 07 26 C6 06 12 00 73 26 C6 06 13 00 07 26 C6 06 .&F...s&F....&F.
00000080: 14 00 65 26 C6 06 15 00 07 26 C6 06 16 00 74 26 ..e&F....&F...t&
00000090: C6 06 17 00 07 26 C6 06 18 00 3A 26 C6 06 19 00 F....&F...:&F...
000000a0: 07 B8 2E 01 BB 0A 00 8C C9 8E D9 BA 00 00 F7 F3 .8..;...I.Y:..ws
000000b0: 88 16 2E 7D 31 D2 F7 F3 88 16 2F 7D 31 D2 F7 F3 ...}1Rws../}1Rws
000000c0: 88 16 30 7D 31 D2 F7 F3 88 16 31 7D 31 D2 F7 F3 ..0}1Rws..1}1Rws
000000d0: 88 16 32 7D A0 32 7D 04 30 26 A2 1A 00 26 C6 06 ..2}.2}.0&"..&F.
000000e0: 1B 00 04 A0 31 7D 04 30 26 A2 1C 00 26 C6 06 1D ....1}.0&"..&F..
000000f0: 00 04 A0 30 7D 04 30 26 A2 1E 00 26 C6 06 1F 00 ...0}.0&"..&F...
00000100: 04 A0 2F 7D 04 30 26 A2 20 00 26 C6 06 21 00 04 ../}.0&"..&F.!..
00000110: A0 2E 7D 04 30 26 A2 22 00 26 C6 06 23 00 04 26 ..}.0&"".&F.#..&
00000120: C6 06 24 00 44 26 C6 06 25 00 07 E9 FD FF 00 00 F.$.D&F.%..i}...
00000130: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000140: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000150: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000160: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000170: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000180: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000190: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000001a0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000001b0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000001c0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000001d0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000001e0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000001f0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 AA ..............U*
奋斗的目标
3737
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