20分钟学习并开发最简单的servlet-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/solinger/article/details/101637258

Servlet：

1. 一种特殊的服务器端的java类,用来生成动态的html,所有会在java中写html。

2. 它担当客户请求（Web浏览器）与服务器响应（HTTP服务器上的数据库）的中间层。可理解为：Servlet接受用户请求，进行处理，需要的话和数据库交互，生成动态的html作为response返回

让我们使用Eclipse用servelt写一个最简单的动态登陆服务

关于如何准备环境可参考https://blog.csdn.net/solinger/article/details/101629844

1. 创建项目

2. 创建servlet

内容如下：

package loginServlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class LoginServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/LoginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public LoginServlet() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());
		String username = request.getParameter("username");
		String password = request.getParameter("password");
		response.setContentType("text/html,charset=GB18030");
		response.getWriter().println("<html>");
		response.getWriter().println("<head>");
		response.getWriter().println("<body>");
		response.getWriter().println("</br>");
		response.getWriter().println("Welcome "+ username + "!");
		response.getWriter().println("</body>");
		response.getWriter().println("</head>");
		response.getWriter().println("</html>");
	}

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

3. 编写html

内容如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="http://localhost:8080/FirstServlet/LoginServlet" method="post">
username:<input type="text" name="username" /></br>
password:<input type="password" name="password" /></br>
<input type="submit" value="submit" />
</form>
</body>
</html>

4. 部署servlet

创建web.xml,内容如下：

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
    version="2.4">
<servlet>
        <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>loginServlet.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
    
<servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/FirstServlet/LoginServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

则执行项目：

启动服务器，然后访问http://localhost:8080/FirstServlet/login.html提交