Helm简介

应用范围

对在k8上标准化程序实现高效的部署和管理。

只需要在helm的repo上找到chart, 安装chart就可以在k8上运行对应的应用。

三大核心概念

chart ：一个chart就是一个helm包，这个包里面包含了所有在k8集群上运行该应用的资源。

repo: 一个cdn，存放和共享charts的地方

release: 一个release就是当前k8集群运行的一个chart的实例。

我们绝大多数人都用过macos和fedora，chart就像是macos和fedora的go或者python等其他包，repo就是brew和yum用来找包的repo， release就是我们在macos和fedora上安装的当前版本的go。当有了go新版本的时候，我们可以使用brew/yum upgrade go到新版本。helm就等同于brew/yum，是k8的heml charts包的包管理工具。 helm可以搜索并安装charts到k8，升级或者卸载。

功能简介

helm serach

helm search hub  # list all charts from all repos
helm repo add repo_name repo_url  # add repo_url as repo_name
helm search repo repo_name # list all charts of all added repos

helm install

在repo中找到想要的包后，就可以install了

helm install release_name chart_name

查看release

helm status release_name

在安装前定义chart

helm show values chart_name

找到要更改的变量，编写values.yaml

然后指定该文件进行安装

helm install -f values.yaml release_name chart_name

查看更改的变量

helm get values

helm upgrade

helm upgrade -f update_name.yaml release_name chart_name

我们只需要将更新写到update_name.yaml中即可。

helm rollback

helm rollback release revision

命令行表

helm create <name>                      # Creates a chart directory along with the common files and directories used in a chart.
helm package <chart-path>               # Packages a chart into a versioned chart archive file.
helm lint <chart>                       # Run tests to examine a chart and identify possible issues:
helm show all <chart>                   # Inspect a chart and list its contents:
helm show values <chart>                # Displays the contents of the values.yaml file
helm pull <chart>                       # Download/pull chart 
helm pull <chart> --untar=true          # If set to true, will untar the chart after downloading it
helm pull <chart> --verify              # Verify the package before using it
helm pull <chart> --version <number>    # Default-latest is used, specify a version constraint for the chart version to use
helm dependency list <chart>            # Display a list of a chart’s dependencies:

helm install <name> <chart>                           # Install the chart with a name
helm install <name> <chart> --namespace <namespace>   # Install the chart in a specific namespace
helm install <name> <chart> --set key1=val1,key2=val2 # Set values on the command line (can specify multiple or separate values with commas)
helm install <name> <chart> --values <yaml-file/url>  # Install the chart with your specified values
helm install <name> <chart> --dry-run --debug         # Run a test installation to validate chart (p)
helm install <name> <chart> --verify                  # Verify the package before using it 
helm install <name> <chart> --dependency-update       # update dependencies if they are missing before installing the chart
helm uninstall <name>                                 # Uninstall a release

helm repo add <repo-name> <url>   # Add a repository from the internet:
helm repo list                    # List added chart repositories
helm repo update                  # Update information of available charts locally from chart repositories
helm repo remove <repo_name>      # Remove one or more chart repositories
helm repo index <DIR>             # Read the current directory and generate an index file based on the charts found.
helm repo index <DIR> --merge     # Merge the generated index with an existing index file
helm search repo <keyword>        # Search repositories for a keyword in charts
helm search hub <keyword>         # Search for charts in the Artifact Hub or your own hub instance

helm list                       # Lists all of the releases for a specified namespace, uses current namespace context if namespace not specified
helm list --all                 # Show all releases without any filter applied, can use -a
helm list --all-namespaces      # List releases across all namespaces, we can use -A
helm list -l key1=value1,key2=value2 # Selector (label query) to filter on, supports '=', '==', and '!='
helm list --date                # Sort by release date
helm list --deployed            # Show deployed releases. If no other is specified, this will be automatically enabled
helm list --pending             # Show pending releases
helm list --failed              # Show failed releases
helm list --uninstalled         # Show uninstalled releases (if 'helm uninstall --keep-history' was used)
helm list --superseded          # Show superseded releases
helm list -o yaml               # Prints the output in the specified format. Allowed values: table, json, yaml (default table)
helm status <release>           # This command shows the status of a named release.
helm status <release> --revision <number>   # if set, display the status of the named release with revision
helm history <release>          # Historical revisions for a given release.
helm env                        # Env prints out all the environment information in use by Helm.

helm plugin install <path/url1>     # Install plugins
helm plugin list                    # View a list of all installed plugins
helm plugin update <plugin>         # Update plugins
helm plugin uninstall <plugin>      # Uninstall a plugin