Django 多对一的保存和查询

Django 多对一的保存和查询

Models 如下：

Python

from django.db import models class Reporter(models.Model): first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30) last_name = models.CharField(max_length=30) email = models.EmailField() def __str__(self): return "%s %s" % (self.first_name, self.last_name) class Article(models.Model): headline = models.CharField(max_length=100) pub_date = models.DateField() reporter = models.ForeignKey(Reporter, on_delete=models.CASCADE) def __str__(self): return self.headline class Meta: ordering = ('headline',)

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from django . db import models   class Reporter ( models . Model ) :      first_name = models . CharField ( max_length = 30 )      last_name = models . CharField ( max_length = 30 )      email = models . EmailField ( )        def __str__ ( self ) :          return "%s %s" % ( self . first_name , self . last_name )   class Article ( models . Model ) :      headline = models . CharField ( max_length = 100 )      pub_date = models . DateField ( )      reporter = models . ForeignKey ( Reporter , on_delete = models . CASCADE )        def __str__ ( self ) :          return self . headline        class Meta :          ordering = ( 'headline' , )

一篇文章 有多个记者

首先我们先保存记者的信息

Python

>>> r = Reporter(first_name='John', last_name='Smith', email='john@example.com') >>> r.save() >>> r2 = Reporter(first_name='Paul', last_name='Jones', email='paul@example.com') >>> r2.save()

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>>> r = Reporter ( first_name = 'John' , last_name = 'Smith' , email = 'john@example.com' ) >>> r . save ( )   >>> r2 = Reporter ( first_name = 'Paul' , last_name = 'Jones' , email = 'paul@example.com' ) >>> r2 . save ( )

保存文章

Python

>>> from datetime import date >>> a = Article(id=None, headline="This is a test", pub_date=date(2005, 7, 27), reporter=r) >>> a.save() # 获取记者的id >>> a.reporter.id 1 # 获取记者的对象 >>> a.reporter <Reporter: John Smith>

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>>> from datetime import date >>> a = Article ( id = None , headline = "This is a test" , pub_date = date ( 2005 , 7 , 27 ) , reporter = r ) >>> a . save ( ) # 获取记者的id >>> a . reporter . id 1 # 获取记者的对象 >>> a . reporter < Reporter : John Smith >

通过记者新增一篇文章

Python

# 获取记者 >>> r = a.reporter # 根据记者 新增一篇文章 >>> new_article = r.article_set.create(headline="John's second story", pub_date=date(2005, 7, 29)) >>> new_article <Article: John's second story> >>> new_article.reporter <Reporter: John Smith> >>> new_article.reporter.id 1

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# 获取记者 >>> r = a . reporter # 根据记者 新增一篇文章 >>> new_article = r . article_set . create ( headline = "John's second story" , pub_date = date ( 2005 , 7 , 29 ) ) >>> new_article < Article : John' s second story > >>> new_article . reporter < Reporter : John Smith > >>> new_article . reporter . id 1

正向新增一篇文章

Python

>>> new_article2 = Article.objects.create(headline="Paul's story", pub_date=date(2006, 1, 17), reporter=r) >>> new_article2.reporter <Reporter: John Smith> >>> new_article2.reporter.id 1 # 根据记者获取记者下面的所有的文章 >>> r.article_set.all() <QuerySet [<Article: John's second story>, <Article: Paul's story>, <Article: This is a test>]>

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>>> new_article2 = Article . objects . create ( headline = "Paul's story" , pub_date = date ( 2006 , 1 , 17 ) , reporter = r ) >>> new_article2 . reporter < Reporter : John Smith > >>> new_article2 . reporter . id 1 # 根据记者获取记者下面的所有的文章 >>> r . article_set . all ( ) < QuerySet [ < Article : John 's second story>, <Article: Paul' s story > , < Article : This is a test > ] >

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