java 加载文件的几种方式

  
  

   
   

   
   
使用J2SE API读取Properties文件的六种方法：
   
   
　　1.使用Java.util.Properties类的load()方法
   
   
　　示例：
   
   
 
   
   

    
    
      InputStream in = lnew BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(name)); 　　Properties p = new Properties(); 　　p.load(in);
   
   
   
   
　　2.使用java.util.ResourceBundle类的getBundle()方法
   
   
 
   
   

    
    
示例： ResourceBundle rb = ResourceBundle.getBundle(name, Locale.getDefault());
   
   
   
   
　3.使用java.util.PropertyResourceBundle类的构造函数
   
   
 
   
   

    
    
　示例： InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(name)); 　　ResourceBundle rb = new PropertyResourceBundle(in);
   
   
   
   
　　4.使用class变量的getResourceAsStream()方法
   
   
 
   
   

    
    
示例： InputStream in = JProperties.class.getResourceAsStream(name); 　　Properties p = new Properties(); 　　p.load(in);
   
   
   
   
　　5.使用class.getClassLoader()所得到的java.lang.ClassLoader的getResourceAsStream()方法
   
   
 
   
   

    
    
　示例： InputStream in = JProperties.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(name); 　　Properties p = new Properties(); 　　p.load(in);
   
   
   
   
　　6.使用java.lang.ClassLoader类的getSystemResourceAsStream()静态方法
   
   
 
   
   

    
    
示例： InputStream in = ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name); 　　Properties p = new Properties(); 　　p.load(in);
   
   
   
   

    
    　  7.使用java.lang.ClassLoader类的getResource(String name)静态方法,返回URL
   
   
   
   

    
          
   
   
   
   
　　补充
   
   
　　Servlet中可以使用javax.servlet.ServletContext的getResourceAsStream()方法
   
   
 
   
   

    
    
示例：InputStream in = context.getResourceAsStream(path); 　　Properties p = new Properties(); 　　p.load(in);
   
   
   
   
    完整的示例:
   
   
 
   
   

    
    
JProperties.Java文件 　　package com.kindani; 　　//import javax.Servlet.ServletContext; 　　import java.util.*; 　　import java.io.InputStream; 　　import java.io.IOException; 　　import java.io.BufferedInputStream; 　　import java.io.FileInputStream; 　　/** 　　* 使用J2SE API?取Properties文件的六种方法 　　* User: SYNFORM 　　* Date: 2005/07/12 　　* Time: 18:40:55 　　* To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates. 　　*/ 　　public class JProperties { 　　public final static int BY_PROPERTIES = 1; 　　public final static int BY_RESOURCEBUNDLE = 2; 　　public final static int BY_PROPERTYRESOURCEBUNDLE = 3; 　　public final static int BY_CLASS = 4; 　　public final static int BY_CLASSLOADER = 5; 　　public final static int BY_SYSTEM_CLASSLOADER = 6; 　　public final static Properties loadProperties( 　　final String name, final int type) throws IOException { Properties p = new Properties(); InputStream in = null; 　　if (type == BY_PROPERTIES) { in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(name)); assert (in != null); p.load(in); 　　} else if (type == BY_RESOURCEBUNDLE) { 　ResourceBundle rb = ResourceBundle.getBundle(name, Locale.getDefault()); assert (rb != null); p = new ResourceBundleAdapter(rb); 　　} else if (type == BY_PROPERTYRESOURCEBUNDLE) { 　　in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(name)); assert (in != null); ResourceBundle rb = new PropertyResourceBundle(in); p = new ResourceBundleAdapter(rb); 　　} else if (type == BY_CLASS) { 　　assert (JProperties.class.equals(new JProperties().getClass())); 　　in = JProperties.class.getResourceAsStream(name); 　　assert (in != null); 　　p.load(in); 　　//return new JProperties().getClass().getResourceAsStream(name); 　　} else if (type == BY_CLASSLOADER) { 　　assert (JProperties.class.getClassLoader().equals( 　　new JProperties().getClass().getClassLoader())); 　　in = JProperties.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(name); 　　assert (in != null); 　　p.load(in); 　　//return new JProperties().getClass(). 　　getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(name); 　　} else if (type == BY_SYSTEM_CLASSLOADER) { 　　in = ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name); 　　assert (in != null); 　　p.load(in); 　　} 　　if (in != null) { 　　in.close(); 　　} 　　return p; 　　} 　　// ---------------------------------------------- servlet used 　　/* 　　public static Properties loadProperties( 　　ServletContext context, String path) throws IOException { 　　assert (context != null); 　　InputStream in = context.getResourceAsStream(path); 　　assert (in != null); 　　Properties p = new Properties(); 　　p.load(in); 　　in.close(); 　　return p; 　　} 　　*/ 　　// ---------------------------------------------- support class 　　/** 　　* ResourceBundle Adapter class. 　　*/ 　　public static class ResourceBundleAdapter extends Properties { 　　public ResourceBundleAdapter(ResourceBundle rb) { 　　assert (rb instanceof java.util.PropertyResourceBundle); 　　this.rb = rb; 　　java.util.Enumeration e = rb.getKeys(); 　　while (e.hasMoreElements()) { 　　Object o = e.nextElement(); 　　this.put(o, rb.getObject((String) o)); 　　} 　　} 　　private ResourceBundle rb = null; 　　public ResourceBundle getBundle(String baseName) { 　　return ResourceBundle.getBundle(baseName); 　　} 　　public ResourceBundle getBundle(String baseName, Locale locale) { 　　return ResourceBundle.getBundle(baseName, locale); 　　} 　　public ResourceBundle getBundle(String baseName, 　　Locale locale, ClassLoader loader) { 　　return ResourceBundle.getBundle(baseName, locale, loader); 　　} 　　public Enumeration getKeys() { 　　return rb.getKeys(); 　　} 　　public Locale getLocale() { 　　return rb.getLocale(); 　　} 　　public Object getObject(String key) { 　　return rb.getObject(key); 　　} 　　public String getString(String key) { 　　return rb.getString(key); 　　} 　　public String[] getStringArray(String key) { 　　return rb.getStringArray(key); 　　} 　　protected Object handleGetObject(String key) { 　　return ((PropertyResourceBundle) rb).handleGetObject(key); 　　} 　　} 　　} 　　JPropertiesTest.Java文件package com.kindani.test; 　　import junit.Framework.*; 　　import com.kindani.JProperties; 　　//import javax.Servlet.ServletContext; 　　import java.util.Properties; 　　public class JPropertiesTest extends TestCase { 　　JProperties jProperties; 　　String key = "helloworld.title"; 　　String value = "Hello World!"; 　　public void testLoadProperties() throws Exception { 　　String name = null; 　　Properties p = new Properties(); 　　name = "C:IDEAPProperties4Methodssrccom 　　kindanitestLocalStrings.properties"; 　　p = JProperties.loadProperties(name, JProperties.BY_PROPERTIES); 　　assertEquals(value, p.getProperty(key)); 　　name = "com.kindani.test.LocalStrings"; 　　p = JProperties.loadProperties(name,JProperties.BY_RESOURCEBUNDLE); 　　assertEquals(value, p.getProperty(key)); 　　assertEquals(value,((JProperties.ResourceBundleAdapter)p).getString(key)); 　　name = "C:IDEAPProperties4Methodssrccom 　　kindanitestLocalStrings.properties"; 　　p = JProperties.loadProperties(name, JProperties.BY_PROPERTYRESOURCEBUNDLE); 　　assertEquals(value, p.getProperty(key)); 　　assertEquals(value,((JProperties.ResourceBundleAdapter)p).getString(key)); 　　name = "comkindanitestLocalStrings.properties"; 　　p = JProperties.loadProperties(name, JProperties.BY_SYSTEM_CLASSLOADER); 　　assertEquals(value, p.getProperty(key)); 　　name = "comkindanitestLocalStrings.properties"; 　　p = JProperties.loadProperties(name, JProperties.BY_CLASSLOADER); 　　assertEquals(value, p.getProperty(key)); 　　name = "testLocalStrings.properties"; 　　p = JProperties.loadProperties(name, JProperties.BY_CLASS); 　　assertEquals(value, p.getProperty(key)); 　　} 　　/* 　　public void testLoadProperties2() throws Exception { 　　ServletContext context = null; 　　String path = null; 　　Properties p = null; 　　path = "/Web-INF/classes/LocalStrings.properties"; 　　p = JProperties.loadProperties(context, path); 　　assertEquals(value, p.getProperty(key)); 　　} 　　*/ 　　}
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
　  properties文件与JPropertiesTest.Java文件相同的目录下
   
   
　　LocalStrings.properties文件
   
   
 
   
   

    
    
　# $Id: LocalStrings.properties,v 1.1 2000/08/17 00:57:52 horwat Exp $ 　　# Default localized resources for example Servlets 　　# This locale is en_US 　　helloworld.title=Hello World! 　　requestinfo.title=Request Information Example 　　requestinfo.label.method=Method: 　　requestinfo.label.requesturi=Request URI: 　　requestinfo.label.protocol=Protocol: 　　requestinfo.label.pathinfo=Path Info: 　　requestinfo.label.remoteaddr=Remote Address: 　　requestheader.title=Request Header Example 　　requestparams.title=Request Parameters Example 　　requestparams.params-in-req=Parameters in this request: 　　requestparams.no-params=No Parameters, Please enter some 　　requestparams.firstname=First Name: 　　requestparams.lastname=Last Name: 　　cookies.title=Cookies Example 　　cookies.cookies=Your browser is sending the following cookies: 　　cookies.no-cookies=Your browser isn't sending any cookies 　　cookies.make-cookie=Create a cookie to send to your browser 　　cookies.name=Name: 　　cookies.value=Value: 　　cookies.set=You just sent the following cookie to your browser: 　　sessions.title=Sessions Example 　　sessions.id=Session ID: 　　sessions.created=Created: 　　sessions.lastAccessed=Last Accessed: 　　sessions.data=The following data is in your session: 　　sessions.adddata=Add data to your session 　　sessions.dataname=Name of Session Attribute: 　　sessions.datavalue=Value of Session Attribute