spring-cloud服务请求熔断之hystrix

1、创建一个maven项目 hystrix-ribbon-breaker-consumer 

pom.xml

<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>3.8.1</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: hystrix-ribbon-breaker-consumer

server: 
  port: 8082
  
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl: 
      defaultZone: http://user:123456@eureka1:8761/eureka/,http://user:123456@eureka2:8761/eureka/
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true  #默认是hostname注册，改成IP注册

2、创建熔断服务类，服务类调用eureka-provider这个项目提供的生产者

@Service
public class StudentService {

	@Autowired
	private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;

	/**
	 * 配置当并发高的时候服务降级，并返回拖底数据，防止服务雪崩
	 * @return
	 */
	@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod="fallback",
			commandProperties = {
					//默认20个，10s内请求数大于20个时就启动熔断器，当请求符合熔断条件时将触发getFallback()
					@HystrixProperty(name=HystrixPropertiesManager.CIRCUIT_BREAKER_REQUEST_VOLUME_THRESHOLD, value = "10"),
					//请求错误率大于50%时就熔断，然后for循环发起请求，当请求符合熔断条件时将触发getFallback()
					@HystrixProperty(name=HystrixPropertiesManager.CIRCUIT_BREAKER_ERROR_THRESHOLD_PERCENTAGE, value = "50"),
					//默认5秒，熔断多少秒后去尝试请求
					@HystrixProperty(name=HystrixPropertiesManager.CIRCUIT_BREAKER_SLEEP_WINDOW_IN_MILLISECONDS, value = "5000")
			})
	public List<Student> studentList(int n) {

		
		System.out.println("n:"+n);
		if(n==1) {
			throw new RuntimeException();
		}
		
		// 获取服务端
		ServiceInstance si = loadBalancerClient.choose("eureka-provider");//EUREKA-PROVIDER

		// 拼装服务端地址
		StringBuffer pUrl = new StringBuffer();
		pUrl.append("http://").append(si.getHost()).append(":").append(si.getPort()).append("/list");

		ParameterizedTypeReference<List<Student>> typeRef = new ParameterizedTypeReference<List<Student>>() {};

		//远程调用获取提供者的数据
		RestTemplate rt = new RestTemplate();
		ResponseEntity<List<Student>> resp = rt.exchange(pUrl.toString(), HttpMethod.GET, null, typeRef);
		List<Student> studentList = resp.getBody();
		return studentList;
	}
	
	/**
	 * fallback返回拖底数据
	 * 以下四种情况将触发getFallback调用
	 * 1、方法抛出非HystrixBadRequestException异常。
	 * 2、方法调用超时
	 * 3、熔断器开启拦截调用
	 * 4、线程池/队列/信号量是否跑满
	 * @return
	 */
	public  List<Student> fallback(int n){
		List<Student> list = new ArrayList<Student>();
		list.add(new Student("fallback",-1));
		return list;
	}
}

3、提供测试地址

@RestController
public class StudentController {
	
	@Autowired
	private StudentService studentService;
	
	@GetMapping("list")
	public List<Student> list(@RequestParam("n") int n){
		return studentService.studentList(n);
	}
}