login shell

# sudo asks for *your* password and must be configured via /etc/sudoers
sudo -s             # Shell for superuser
sudo -i             # Login shell for superuser
sudo -u jimmy -s    # Shell for user "jimmy"
sudo -u jimmy -i    # Login shell for user "jimmy"

# su asks for the root password and usually requires no configuration
su                  # Shell for superuser
su -                # Login shell for superuser
su jimmy            # Shell for "jimmy"
su - jimmy          # Login shell for "jimmy"

/etc/profile is only sourced for login shell

参考资料：
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/327551/etc-profile-not-sourced-for-sudo-su