MySQL学习笔记1-MySQL Architecture

Architecture

Note the difference between a server and a host:
o Server: A software program (mysqld) with a version number and a list of features
o Host: The physical machine on which the server program runs, which includes the following:
-Its hardware configuration
-The operating system running on the machine
-Its network addresses
Multiple mysqld instances can run simultaneously on one host.
The configuration of the MySQL server evolves from one product version to the next. Always consult the product documentation for the most up-to-date configuration information.
For more information about the MySQL server, see the MySQL Reference Manual: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/programs-server.html.

The mysqld (server program) process can be sliced into the following three layers:
o Connection layer: Handles connections. This layer exists on all server software (Web/mail/LDAP server).
o SQL layer: Processes SQL queries that are sent by connected applications
o Storage layer: Handles data storage. Data can be stored in different formats and structures on different physical media.

Connection layer

The connection layer accepts connections from applications over several communication protocols:
o TCP/IP
o UNIX sockets
o Shared memory
o Named pipes 


TCP/IP works across the network. The other protocols listed above support only local connections when the client and server are running on the same machine. This layer maintains one thread per connection. This thread handles query execution. 
Before a connection can begin sending SQL queries, the connection is authenticated by verification of username + password + client host. 
MySQL uses DNS (Domain Naming System) to resolve the names of hosts that connect using TCP/IP protocol, storing them in a host cache. For large networks that exhibit performance problems during name resolution, disable DNS with the --skip-name-resolve option, or increase the value of the --host-cache-size option.


communication protocols:
o TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): The suite of communication protocols used to connect hosts on the Internet. In the Linux operating system, TCP/IP is built-in and is used by the Internet, making it the standard fo