6.5版本-虚拟机的封装

1.安装虚拟机











2.设定虚拟机的基础配置

（1）删除文件

由于mac地址不匹配，如果不删除该文件，重启网络时会报错

cd /etc/udev/rules.d/
rm -f 70-persistent-net.rules

（2）设定ip

cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
vi ifcfg-eth1

/etc/init.d/network restart   #重启网络

（3）配置yum源

前提：虚拟机和物理机可以通信
#发现网络不可达

[root@foundation66 ~]# ping 172.25.66.1
PING 172.25.66.1 (172.25.66.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
^C
--- 172.25.66.1 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 1999ms
#查看网桥，发现是网桥未连接
[root@foundation66 ~]# brctl show
bridge name	bridge id		STP enabled	interfaces
br0		8000.54ee75c50823	no		enp3s0
virbr0		8000.525400f8acd9	yes		virbr0-nic
#给br0接口桥接vnet0设备
[root@foundation66 ~]# brctl addif br0 vnet0
#查看网桥
[root@foundation66 ~]# brctl show
bridge name	bridge id		STP enabled	interfaces
br0		8000.54ee75c50823	no		enp3s0
							vnet0
virbr0		8000.525400f8acd9	yes		virbr0-nic
#测试：此时便可以通信
[root@foundation66 ~]# ping 172.25.66.1
PING 172.25.66.1 (172.25.66.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.25.66.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.255 ms
64 bytes from 172.25.66.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.202 ms
^C
--- 172.25.66.1 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.202/0.228/0.255/0.030 ms

1).下载镜像

rhel-server-6.5-x86_64-dvd.iso

2).共享镜像（在物理机中）

    只需将镜像挂载到apache的默认发布目录下即可实现共享镜像资源
[root@foundation66 Desktop]# mv rhel-server-6.5-x86_64-dvd.iso /iso/
[root@foundation66 Desktop]# cd /iso/
[root@foundation66 iso]# ls
rhel-server-6.5-x86_64-dvd.iso  rhel-server-7.4-x86_64-dvd.iso
rhel-server-7.0-x86_64-dvd.iso  rhel-server-7.5-x86_64-dvd.iso
rhel-server-7.2-x86_64-dvd.iso
[root@foundation66 ~]# mkdir /var/www/html/rhel6.5
#先临时挂载（因为永久性挂载需要reboot才能生效）
[root@foundation66 ~]# mount /iso/rhel-server-6.5-x86_64-dvd.iso /var/www/html/rhel6.5
mount: /dev/loop3 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@foundation66 ~]# df
#设定开机自动挂载
[root@foundation66 ~]# vim /etc/rc.local 
######################
mount /iso/rhel-server-6.5-x86_64-dvd.iso /var/www/html/rhel6.5/
#给脚本一个可执行权限
[root@foundation66 ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local 

3）编写文件：指定yum源地址

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo

#检测yum源是否配置成功
yum clean all
yum repolist

（4）下载常用软件

yum install -y vim lftp openshh-clients 

（5）更改主机名

hostname server1             #临时性更改主机名
hostname

vim /etc/sysconfig/network   #永久性更改主机名

（6）本地解析

vim /etc/hosts 

（7）关闭防火墙

#关闭防火墙（两种）
/etc/init.d/iptables stop 
/etc/init.d/ip6tables stop
#开机自动关闭
chkconfig iptables off
chkconfig ip6tables off

（8）关闭selinux

vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux

9）关机

poweroff      # 注意：一定不能重启 ，否则刚才的操作就都无效了

3.制作快照

制作快照：是为了保护母盘，如果快照坏了，重新再照即可，但若是母盘坏了就得重新封装虚拟机
[root@foundation66 ~]# cd /var/lib/libvirt/images/
[root@foundation66 images]# ls
node1-1.qcow2  node4.qcow             rh124-desktop-vda.qcow2  rh124-server-vdb.qcow2
node1-2.qcow2  node4.qcow2            rh124-desktop-vdb.ovl    rh124-server.xml
node1.qcow2    node5-1.qcow2          rh124-desktop-vdb.qcow2  rhel6.5.qcow2
node2-1.qcow2  node5-2.qcow2          rh124-desktop.xml        rhel7.2.qcow2
node2-2.qcow2  node5.qcow2            rh124-server-vda.ovl
node2.qcow2    node6.qcow2            rh124-server-vda.qcow2
node3.qcow2    rh124-desktop-vda.ovl  rh124-server-vdb.ovl 
#创建快照
[root@foundation66 images]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 -b rhel6.5.qcow2 test1.qcow2
Formatting 'test1.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=21474836480 backing_file='rhel6.5.qcow2' encryption=off cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off 
[root@foundation66 images]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 -b rhel6.5.qcow2 test2.qcow2
Formatting 'test2.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=21474836480 backing_file='rhel6.5.qcow2' encryption=off cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off 
[root@foundation66 images]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 -b rhel6.5.qcow2 test3.qcow2
Formatting 'test3.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=21474836480 backing_file='rhel6.5.qcow2' encryption=off cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off 

4.导入快照




更改ip

ip addr     #查看系统中存在的网卡设备，发现只有eth1网卡设备

vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1   #更改ip