解决Tomcat下的中文乱码问题

现在将常见的乱码问题分为JSP页面显示中文乱码、表单提交乱码两类。

1）JSP页面中显示中文乱码

在JSP文件中使用page命令指定响应结果的MIME类型，如<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312" %>

2）表单提交乱码

表单提交时（post和Get方法），使用request.getParameter方法得到乱码，这是因为tomcat处理提交的参数时默认的是iso-8859-1，表单提交get和post处理乱码问题不同，下面分别说明。
(1)POST处理
对post提交的表单通过编写一个过滤器的方法来解决，过滤器在用户提交的数据被处理之前被调用，可以在这里改变参数的编码方式，过滤器的代码如下：

Java代码

1. package example.util;
3. import java.io.IOException;
5. import javax.servlet.Filter;
6. import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
7. import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
8. import javax.servlet.ServletException;
9. import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
10. import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
12. public class SetCharacterEncodingFilterimplements Filter {
14. protected String encoding = null;
16. protected FilterConfig filterConfig =null;
18. protected boolean ignore =true;
21. public void destroy() {
23. this.encoding = null;
24. this.filterConfig = null;
26. }
28. public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
29. <strong><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"> FilterChain chain)throws IOException, ServletException {
31. if (ignore || (request.getCharacterEncoding() ==null)) {
32. String encoding = selectEncoding(request);
33. if (encoding != null) {
34. request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
35. }
36. }</span>
37. </strong>
38. // Pass control on to the next filter
39. chain.doFilter(request, response);
41. }
42. public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig)throws ServletException {
44. this.filterConfig = filterConfig;
45. this.encoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");
46. String value = filterConfig.getInitParameter("ignore");
47. if (value == null) {
48. this.ignore = true;
49. } else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("true")) {
50. this.ignore = true;
51. } else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("yes")) {
52. this.ignore = true;
53. } else {
54. this.ignore = false;
55. }
57. }
59. protected String selectEncoding(ServletRequest request) {
61. return (this.encoding);
63. }
65. }

package example.util;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    import javax.servlet.Filter;
    import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
    import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
    
    public class SetCharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
    
       protected String encoding = null;
    
       protected FilterConfig filterConfig = null;
    
       protected boolean ignore = true;
    
  
     public void destroy() {
    
      this.encoding = null;
      this.filterConfig = null;
    
     }
    
     public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
       FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
    
          if (ignore || (request.getCharacterEncoding() == null)) {
       String encoding = selectEncoding(request);
       if (encoding != null) {
        request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
       }
      }
    
      // Pass control on to the next filter
      chain.doFilter(request, response);
    
     }
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
    
      this.filterConfig = filterConfig;
      this.encoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");
      String value = filterConfig.getInitParameter("ignore");
      if (value == null) {
       this.ignore = true;
      } else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("true")) {
       this.ignore = true;
      } else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("yes")) {
       this.ignore = true;
      } else {
       this.ignore = false;
      }
    
     }
    
     protected String selectEncoding(ServletRequest request) {
    
      return (this.encoding);
    
     }
    
    }

文中红色的代码即为处理乱码的代码。
web.xml文件加入过滤器

Xml代码

1. <filter>
2. <filter-name>Encoding</filter-name>
3. <filter-class>
4. example.util.SetCharacterEncodingFilter
5. </filter-class>
6. <init-param>
7. <param-name>encoding</param-name>
8. <param-value>gbk</param-value>
9. <!--gbk或者gb2312或者utf-8-->
10. </init-param>
11. <init-param>
12. <param-name>ignore</param-name>
13. <param-value>true</param-value>
14. </init-param>
15. </filter>

<filter>
    <filter-name>Encoding</filter-name>
    <filter-class>
            example.util.SetCharacterEncodingFilter
     </filter-class>
    <init-param>
   <param-name>encoding</param-name>
   <param-value>gbk</param-value>
   <!--gbk或者gb2312或者utf-8-->
  </init-param>
  <init-param>
   <param-name>ignore</param-name>
   <param-value>true</param-value>
  </init-param>
 </filter>

Xml代码

1. <filter-mapping>
2. <filter-name>Encoding</filter-name>
3. <servlet-name>/*</servlet-name>
4. </filter-mapping>

<filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>Encoding</filter-name>
  <servlet-name>/*</servlet-name>
 </filter-mapping>

(2) Get方法的处理
tomcat对post和get的处理方法不一样，所以过滤器不能解决get的乱码问题，它需要在其他地方设置。
打开<tomcat_home>\conf目录下server.xml文件，找到对8080端口进行服务的Connector组件的设置部分，给这个组件添加一个属性：URIEncoding="GBK"。修改后的Connector设置为：

Java代码

1. <Connector port="8080" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192"
2. maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"
3. enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100"
4. connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">URIEncoding="GBK"</span> />

<Connector port="8080" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192"
               maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"
               enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100"
               connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" URIEncoding="GBK" />

* 注意修改后重新启动tomcat才能起作用。