Valarray类
模板类
格式:
基本函数:
程序示例:
studentc.h 奇怪 为毛没有彩色
#ifndef STUDENTC_H_
#define STUDENTC_H_
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <valarray>
class Student
{
private:
typedef std::valarray<double> ArrayDb;
std::string name;
ArrayDb scores;
std::ostream & arr_out(std::ostream & os) const;
public:
Student() : name("Null Student"), scores() {}
explicit Student(const std::string & s) : name(s), scores() {}
explicit Student(int n) : name("Nully"), scores(n) {}
Student(const std::string & s, int n) : name(s), scores(n) {}
Student(const std::string & s, const ArrayDb & a) : name(s), scores(a) {}
Student(const char* str, const double* pd, int n) : name(str), scores(pd, n) {}
~Student() {}
double Average() const;
const std::string & Name() const;
double & operator[] (int i);
double operator[] (int i) const;
friend std::istream & operator >> (std::istream & is, Student & stu);
friend std::istream & getline(std::istream & is, Student & stu);
friend std::ostream & operator << (std::ostream & os, const Student & stu);
};
#endif
student.cpp
#include "studentc.h"
using std::ostream;
using std::endl;
using std::istream;
using std::string;
double Student::Average() const
{
if (scores.size() > 0)
return scores.sum() / scores.size();
else
return 0;
}
const string & Student::Name() const
{
return name;
}
double & Student::operator[](int i)
{
return scores[i];
}
double Student::operator[](int i) const
{
return scores[i];
}
ostream & Student::arr_out(ostream & os) const
{
int i;
int lim = scores.size();
if (lim > 0)
{
for (i = 0; i < lim; i++)
{
os << scores[i] << " ";
if (i % 5 == 4)
os <<endl;
}
if (i % 5 != 0)
os << endl;
}
else
os << "empty array ";
return os;
}
istream & operator >>(istream & is, Student & stu)
{
is >> stu.name;
return is;
}
istream & getline(istream & is, Student & stu)
{
getline(is, stu.name);
return is;
}
ostream & operator<<(ostream & os, const Student & stu)
{
os << "Scores for " << stu.name << ":\n";
stu.arr_out(os);
return os;
}
use_stuc.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include "studentc.h"
using std::cout;
using std::cin;
using std::endl;
void set(Student & sa, int n);
const int pupils = 3;
const int quizzes = 5;
int main()
{
Student ada[pupils] =
{Student(quizzes), Student(quizzes), Student(quizzes)};
int i;
for (i = 0; i < pupils; ++i)
set(ada[i], quizzes);
cout << "\nResults:";
for ( i = 0; i < pupils; ++i)
{
cout << endl << ada[i];
cout << "average: " << ada[i].Average() <<endl;
}
cout << "Done.\n";
return 0;
}
void set(Student & sa, int n)
{
cout << "Please enter the student's name: ";
getline(cin, sa);
cout << "Please enter " << n << "quiz scores:\n";
for ( int i = 0; i <n; i++)
cin >> sa[i];
while (cin.get() != '\n')
continue;
}
运行结果
私有继承:
私有继承与包含的区别:
如果需要调用基类的对象咋搞?
在私有继承中,在没有显式类型转换的情况下,不能将指向派生类的对象或引用赋给基类引用或指针
还有一种情况是 多重继承 编译器无法确定要转换成哪个基类 因为都有operator<<()
私有继承的程序示例:
studenti.h
#ifndef STUDENTC_H_
#define STUDENTC_H_
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <valarray>
class Student : private std::string, private std::valarray<double>
{
private:
typedef std::valarray<double> ArrayDb;
std::ostream & arr_out(std::ostream & os) const;
public:
Student() : std::string("Null Student"), ArrayDb() {}
explicit Student(const std::string & s) : std::string(s), ArrayDb() {}
explicit Student(int n) : std::string("Nully"), ArrayDb(n) {}
Student(const std::string & s, int n) : std::string(s), ArrayDb(n) {}
Student(const std::string & s, const ArrayDb & a) : std::string(s), ArrayDb(a) {}
Student(const char* str, const double* pd, int n) : std::string(str), ArrayDb(pd, n) {}
~Student() {}
double Average() const;
const std::string & Name() const;
double & operator[] (int i);
double operator[] (int i) const;
friend std::istream & operator >> (std::istream & is, Student & stu);
friend std::istream & getline(std::istream & is, Student & stu);
friend std::ostream & operator << (std::ostream & os, const Student & stu);
};
#endif
studenti.cpp
#include "studenti.h"
using std::ostream;
using std::endl;
using std::istream;
using std::string;
double Student::Average() const
{
if (ArrayDb::size() > 0)
return ArrayDb::sum() / ArrayDb::size();
else
return 0;
}
const string & Student::Name() const
{
return (const string &) *this;
}
double & Student::operator[](int i)
{
return ArrayDb::operator[](i);
}
double Student::operator[](int i) const
{
return ArrayDb::operator[](i);
}
ostream & Student::arr_out(ostream & os) const
{
int i;
int lim = ArrayDb::size();
if (lim > 0)
{
for (i = 0; i < lim; i++)
{
os << ArrayDb::operator[](i) << " ";
if (i % 5 == 4)
os <<endl;
}
if (i % 5 != 0)
os << endl;
}
else
os << "empty array ";
return os;
}
istream & operator >>(istream & is, Student & stu)
{
is >> (string &) stu;
return is;
}
istream & getline(istream & is, Student & stu)
{
getline(is, (string &) stu);
return is;
}
ostream & operator<<(ostream & os, const Student & stu)
{
os << "Scores for " << (string &) stu << ":\n";
stu.arr_out(os);
return os;
}
use_stui.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include "studenti.h"
using std::cout;
using std::cin;
using std::endl;
void set(Student & sa, int n);
const int pupils = 3;
const int quizzes = 5;
int main()
{
Student ada[pupils] =
{Student(quizzes), Student(quizzes), Student(quizzes)};
int i;
for (i = 0; i < pupils; ++i)
set(ada[i], quizzes);
cout << "\nResults:";
for ( i = 0; i < pupils; ++i)
{
cout << endl << ada[i];
cout << "average: " << ada[i].Average() <<endl;
}
cout << "Done.\n";
return 0;
}
void set(Student & sa, int n)
{
cout << "Please enter the student's name: ";
getline(cin, sa);
cout << "Please enter " << n << "quiz scores:\n";
for ( int i = 0; i <n; i++)
cin >> sa[i];
while (cin.get() != '\n')
continue;
}
用包含还是用私有继承?
完结