Vue + Django 2.0.6 学习笔记 10.1 加入购物车功能的实现

1. models.py的修改

class ShoppingCart(models.Model):
    """
    购物车
    """
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name=u'用户', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name=u'商品', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'购买数量')
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u'添加时间')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u'购物车'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
# 建立联合唯一
        unique_together = ('user', 'goods')

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s(%d)".format(self.goods.name, self.nums)

serializers.py

from rest_framework import serializers

from goods.models import Goods
from .models import ShoppingCart

# 用Serializer而不是ModelSerializer的原因;
# 1.更灵活2.因为我们建立了联合唯一。所以如果使用ModelSerializer的话会去校验是否唯一
#          但是购物车有这么一个情况，就是在点击添加购物车的按钮时，会判断购物车是否有
#          ，如果有。不是抛异常，而是nums字段加1  所以如果用ModelSerializer的话会
#          抛异常，所以这里需要自定义。
class ShopCartSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    user = serializers.HiddenField(
        default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault()
    )
    nums = serializers.IntegerField(required=True, min_value=1,label="数量",
                                    error_messages={
                                        "min_value":"商品数量不能小于1",
                                        "required": '请选择购买数量'
                                    })
# goods是外键 所以需要用到PrimaryKeyRelatedField。并且指定外键的model类
    goods = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(required=True, queryset=Goods.objects.all())

# 重写create函数，已满足我们的功能需求
    def create(self, validated_data):
# user对象是保存在self.context["中"]
# validated_data中的数据类型已经做好转换了
        user = self.context["request"].user
        nums = validated_data['nums']
        goods = validated_data['goods']

# 是否存在，是就nums加数量 否就创建记录
        existed = ShoppingCart.objects.filter(user = user, goods = goods)
        if existed:
            existed = existed[0]
            existed.nums += nums
            existed.save()
        else:
            existed = ShoppingCart.objects.create(**validated_data)
        return existed

views.py

from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
from utils.permissions import IsOwnerOrReadOnly
from rest_framework_jwt.authentication import JSONWebTokenAuthentication
from rest_framework.authentication import SessionAuthentication
from .serializers import ShopCartSerializer
from .models import ShoppingCart

# Create your views here.

class ShoppingCartViewset(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    购物车功能
    list:
        获取购物车详情
    create:
        加入购物车
    delete:
        删除购物车记录
    """
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
    authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, SessionAuthentication)
    serializer_class = ShopCartSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        return ShoppingCart.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)

urls.py

from trade.views import ShoppingCartViewset

#购物车
router.register('shopcarts', ShoppingCartViewset, base_name='shopcarts')

关于PrimaryKeyRelatedField的官方文档

https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/relations/#primarykeyrelatedfields

完结