Observer观察者模式的一个实现

前阵子在写后台程序。一个宠物游戏的java服务端。

需要宠物在做某些事情或数据发生变化时，发送消息邮件给用户或其他的动作。

看到Observer模式后编简单的实现了一下。想法并不算好。

 

 

定义了一个接口，该接口由观察者调用，具体的操作在实现类中写

 

package test.observer; /** * 观察者执行接口 * */ public interface ObserverExecuter { //param被定义为Object，可以是任何java类型 public void execute(Object param); }

 

 

一个ObserverExecuter的实现类

 

 package test.observer; public class GetItemExecuter implements ObserverExecuter { public void execute(Object param) { //取参数 sendMessage(); } private void sendMessage(){ //do something } }

 

ObserverExecuter配置为xml，该xml放于classpath/data/Observer.xml例如：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- ####### 观察者配置 ####### --> <!-- ### observable:被观察的类 ### ### executer:观察执行类 ### --> <observer-seting> <observable name="test.Tester"> <executer name="getItem" desc="获得物品触发" class="test.executer.GetItemExecuter"/> <executer name="endWork" desc="打工结束触发" class="test.executer.EndWorkExecuter"/> </observable> </observer-seting> 

 

主观察类，由该类来执行executer

package test; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Observable; import java.util.Observer; /** * 观察者(需要被触发ObservableProxy) * param参数特殊定义 * Map("source")=被观察者 class name * Map("param")=真正的参数 * */ public class TriggerObserver implements Observer { public void update(Observable observable, Object param) { try { Map theParam = (Map) param; String source = (String) theParam.get("source"); String observerName = (String) theParam.get("observerName"); ObserverExecuter executer = (ObserverExecuter) Class.forName(ObserverSetingManager.getInstance().getExecuter(source + "[" + observerName + "]")).newInstance(); executer.execute(theParam.get("param")); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } }

 

ObservableProxy类，由它来通知TrigerObserver

package test; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Observable; public class ObservableProxy extends Observable { private String observableName; private String observerName; private Object param; public ObservableProxy(String name, String observerName){ this.observableName = name; this.observerName = observerName; } public void setParam(Object param){ this.param = param; } public void putToManager(){ ObserverSetingManager.getInstance().putProxy(this); } public void doBusiness(){ addObserver(new TriggerObserver()); setChanged(); Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>(); map.put("source", observableName); map.put("observerName", observerName); map.put("param", param); notifyObservers(map); } }

 

最后一个Manager类，主要功能是解析并初始化ObserverExecuter配置。并起一个线程来随时通知Observer

package test; import java.io.File; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Timer; import java.util.TimerTask; import java.util.Vector; import org.apache.commons.logging.Log; import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; import org.dom4j.Document; import org.dom4j.DocumentException; import org.dom4j.Element; import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader; public final class ObserverSetingManager { private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ObserverSetingManager.class); private static ObserverSetingManager sbsManager = new ObserverSetingManager();; private static final String observerXml = "Observer.xml"; // 配置文件 private Vector<ObservableProxy> obProxy; // 配置缓存 private Map<String, String> mapExecuter = new HashMap<String, String>(); private Timer timer; private ObserverSetingManager() { obProxy = new Vector<ObservableProxy>(); timer = new Timer("ObserverManagerTimer"); timer.schedule(timerTask, 6 * 1000L, 6 * 1000L); }; /** * 单例类，只能通过getInstance方法获取 * * @return */ public static ObserverSetingManager getInstance() { return sbsManager; } public String getExecuter(String key){ return mapExecuter.get(key); } public void putProxy(ObservableProxy proxy){ obProxy.add(proxy); } /** * 解析配置文件 * */ public void parse() { SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader(); File xmlFile = new File("data/" + observerXml); Document document = null; try { document = saxReader.read(xmlFile); } catch (DocumentException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); throw new RuntimeException(ex); } try{ List list = document.selectNodes("//observable"); for (Iterator iterator = list.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();) { Element element = (Element) iterator.next(); String ble = element.attributeValue("name"); List eles = element.elements(); //List<ObserverExecuter> obss = new ArrayList<ObserverExecuter>(); for (Iterator iter = eles.iterator(); iter.hasNext();) { Element ob = (Element) iter.next(); String clName = ob.attributeValue("class"); String obName = ob.attributeValue("name"); mapExecuter.put(ble+"["+obName+"]", clName); } } }catch(Exception ex){ ex.printStackTrace(); } } private TimerTask timerTask = new TimerTask() { private boolean isrun = false; public void run() { if (!isrun) { while (obProxy.size() > 0) { isrun = true; ObservableProxy obp = obProxy.remove(0); obp.doBusiness(); } isrun = false; } }; }; public static void main(String[] args) { } }

 

 

写好上面的东东。接下来当然是能够调用了。

 

package test public class Tester { public void testGetItem(){ ObservableProxy obProxy = new ObservableProxy(this.getClass().getName(), "getItem"); obProxy.setParam(new Object[] { this, "测试参数"}); obProxy.putToManager(); } public void testEndWork(){ ObservableProxy obProxy = new ObservableProxy(this.getClass().getName(), "endWork"); obProxy.setParam(new Object[] { this, "测试参数"}); obProxy.putToManager(); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Tester tester = new Tester(); tester.testGetItem(); } }

 

 

基于上面的代码。能够实现在需要的地方。new 一个ObserverProxy，并传入相应的参数给Execter实现类。在实现类做具体的事情。

前提是要在Observer.xml写好配置。