大数据java篇——多线程

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线程:程序执行过程中并发执行的代码段,属于同一个进程,内存共享

进程:进程之间的内存是隔离的,不同进程通信通过socket套接字

 

线程创建方式一:

继承Thread类

1.子类覆盖父类中的run方法,将线程运行的代码存放在run中

2.建立子类对象的同时线程也被创建

3.通过调用start方法开启线程

线程类Thread包含的方法:

1.start():通知CPU可以开始执行该线程

2.run():线程具体执行的代码

class MyThread extends Thread{
	public void run(){
		System.out.println("run----------");
	}
}
public class ThreadDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		MyThread M=new MyThread();
		M.start();
		//创建匿名内部类
		new Thread(){
			public void run(){
				System.out.println("up--------");
			}
		}.start();

	}

}

 

3.getName():获取线程名称

class MyThread extends Thread{
	public void run(){
		System.out.println("run----------");
	}
}
public class ThreadDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		MyThread M=new MyThread();
		M.start();
		System.out.println(M.getName());
		//创建匿名内部类
		Thread T=new Thread(){
			public void run(){
				System.out.println("up--------");
			}
		};
		T.start();
		System.out.println(T.getName());

	}

}

得到当前线程:

System.out.print(Thread.currentThread().getName());

4.yield():暂停当前正在执行的线程对象,并执行其他线程。

5.sleep(int ms):(静态方法,可通过类名直接调用)让线程休眠指定的毫秒数

由于sleep()的执行有可能抛出异常,所以将sleep()的方法调用放在try-catch块中

class MyThread1 extends Thread{
	public void run(){
		while(true){
			System.out.println(getName());
			try{
				sleep(100);
			}
			catch(Exception e){
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}

public class ThreadSleep {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		MyThread1 m1=new MyThread1();
		m1.start();
		MyThread1 m2=new MyThread1();
		m2.start();
	}

}

6.join():等待该线程终止

class Player extends Thread{
	private String name;
	private int seconds;
	public Player(String name,int seconds){
		this.name=name;
		this.seconds=seconds;
	}
	public void run(){
		try{
			System.out.println("玩家" + name +"出发了");
			sleep(seconds*1000);
			System.out.println("玩家" + name +"到达了,花了" + seconds + "秒");
		}
		catch(Exception e){
			e.getStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

public class ThreadSleep1 {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		Player p1=new Player("成龙",2);
		Player p2=new Player("李连杰",3);
		Player p3=new Player("甄子丹",4);
		Player p4=new Player("赵文卓",2);
		p1.start();
		p2.start();
		p3.start();
		p4.start();
		
		p1.join();
		p2.join();
		p3.join();
		p4.join();
		System.out.println("可以开局了!");

	}

}

 

7.setDaemon(true) 设置守护线程,守护进程中的所有线程,当其他所有线程结束,此守护线程结束,在线程启动前设置

 

8.setPriority(intnumber) 设置线程优先级

 

同步代码块

synchronized(Object){ }

在同步块中只允许一个线程访问共享资源

class Saler extends Thread{
	private String name;
	private static int tickets=100;
	private static Object lock=new Object(); //要用static修饰,保证不同对象用的是一个锁
	public Saler(String name){
		this.name=name;
	}
	public void run(){
		while(true){
			synchronized(lock){
				if(tickets>0){
					int tmp = tickets;
					try{
						Thread.sleep(10);
					}
					catch(Exception e){
					}
					tickets =tmp-1;
					System.out.println(name + ":" + tmp);
				}
				
			}
			yield();
		}
	}
}
public class ThreadSale {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Saler s1=new Saler("张三");
		Saler s2=new Saler("李四");
		Saler s3=new Saler("王五");
		s1.start();
		s2.start();
		s3.start();

	}

}

 

同步方法:

 

在方法前面加修饰关键字synchronized    如:public synchronized void DoIt(){}

当某个对象调用了同步方法时,在对象当中保证这个方法只能同时被一个线程访问。

生产者消费者问题:

notify():唤醒在此对象监视器上等待的单个线程。如果所有线程都在此对象上等待,则会选择唤醒其中一个线程。选择是任意性               的,并在对实现做出决定时发生。线程通过调用其中一个 wait 方法,在对象的监视器上等待。

wait()

package workpackage;

public class Bee extends Thread{
	private int bag = 0;
	private static final int BAG_MAX = 20;	
	private static final int ONCE = 5;		//每生产5斤可放入蜜罐
	private static final int TIME = 10;		//生产一斤花费10ms
	private Box box;						//蜜罐子
	private String name;
	
	public Bee(String name,Box box){
		this.name = name;
		this.box = box;
	}

	public void run(){
		while(true){
			//满足放蜂蜜的条件
			if(bag >= ONCE){
				//向蜜罐放蜂蜜
				synchronized(box){
					//取出当前蜜罐容量
					int cap = box.capacity;
					if(cap >= Box.MAX){
						box.notifyAll();	//通知熊吃蜜
					}
					//未满
					else{
						//蜜罐剩余的空间
						int remain = Box.MAX-cap;
						//蜜蜂袋
						if(bag >= remain){
							box.capacity = Box.MAX;
							bag = bag - remain;
							System.out.println(name + ".添加了" + remain + ",name.bag=" + bag + ",蜜罐有" + box.capacity);
							box.notifyAll();	//通知熊吃蜜
						}
						//不足remain
						else{
							box.capacity = box.capacity + bag;
							System.out.println(name + ".添加了" + bag + ",name.bag=" + bag + ",蜜罐有" + box.capacity);
							bag = 0;
						}
					}
				}
		    }
			//向小包增加蜂蜜
			if(bag >= Bee.BAG_MAX){
				synchronized(box){
					try {
						box.wait();
					} 
					catch (Exception e) {
						
					}
				}
			}
			else{
				bag++;
				System.out.println(name + ".bag=" + bag);
				try {
					Thread.sleep(TIME);
				}
				catch(Exception e){
					
				}
			}
		}
	}
}
package workpackage;
//蜜罐子
public class Box {
	public static final int MAX = 30;
	public int capacity = 0;

}
package workpackage;

public class Bear extends Thread{
	private Box box;
	private String name;
	//构造函数
	public Bear(Box box,String name){
		this.box=box;
		this.name=name;
	}
	
	public void run(){
		while(true){
			synchronized (box) {
				if(box.capacity == Box.MAX ){
					System.out.println(name + "吃掉了" + box.capacity );
					try {
						Thread.sleep(1000);
					} catch (InterruptedException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
					box.capacity = 0;
					box.notifyAll();
				}
				else{
					try {
						box.wait();
					} catch (Exception e) {
						
					}
				}
				
			}
		}
		
	}

}
package workpackage;

public class App {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Box box = new Box();					//蜜罐
		Bee bee1 = new Bee("b-1", box);
		Bee bee2 = new Bee("b-2", box);
		Bee bee3 = new Bee("b-3", box);
		Bee bee4 = new Bee("b-4", box);
		Bee bee5 = new Bee("b-5", box);
		Bee bee6 = new Bee("b-6", box);
		Bee bee7 = new Bee("b-7", box);
		Bee bee8 = new Bee("b-8", box);
		Bee bee9 = new Bee("b-9", box);
		Bee bee10 = new Bee("b-10", box);
		
		Bear bear1 = new Bear(box,"熊大");
		Bear bear2 = new Bear(box,"熊二");
		
		bee1.start();
		bee2.start();
		bee3.start();
		bee4.start();
		bee5.start();
		bee6.start();
		bee7.start();
		bee8.start();
		bee9.start();
		bee10.start();
		
		bear1.start();
		bear2.start();

	}

}

 

 

wait()和sleep()的区别:

 

 

wait()释放CPU执行权,释放锁

sleep()释放CPU执行权,不释放锁

线程创建方式二:

实现Runnable接口

由于java不支持多次继承,如果程序需要继承其他非Thread类,而且还要实现多线程,就可通过Runnable接口来实现。Runnable接口只有一个run()方法。

Thread类中有两个构造函数:

1.public Thread(Runnable target)

2.public Thread(Runnable target,String name)

这两个构造方法的参数中都存在Runnable实例,这样就可以将Runnable实现与Thread实例相关联。

实现Runnable接口

1.子类覆盖接口中的run方法;

2.通过Thread类创建线程,并将实现了Runnable接口的子类对象作为参数传递给Thread类的构造函数;

3.Thread类对象调用start()方法开启线程;

class Vehicle{
	private String name;
	public void setName(String name){
		this.name=name;
	}
	public String getName(){
		return name;
	}
}

class Car extends Vehicle implements Runnable{
	public void run(){
		System.out.println(getName());
	}
}


public class RunnableDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Car c1=new Car();
		c1.setName("BMW");
		Car c2=new Car();
		c2.setName("BZ");
		Thread t1=new Thread(c1);
		Thread t2=new Thread(c2);
		t1.start();
		t2.start();

	}

}

 

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