动态SQL语句的一些常见写法
1:普通SQL语句可以用Exec
执行
eg: Select * from tableName
Exec('select * from tableName')
sp_executesql N'select * from tableName' -- 请注意字符串前一定要加N
2:字段名,表名,
数据库
名之类作为变量时,必须用动态SQL
eg:
declare @fname varchar(20)
set @fname = '[name]'
Select @fname from sysobjects -- 错误
Exec('select ' + @fname + ' from sysobjects') -- 请注意 加号前后的 单引号的边上要加空格
exec sp_executesql N' select ' + @fname + ' from sysobjects'
当然将字符串改成变量的形式也可
declare @s varchar(1000)
set @s = 'select ' + @fname + ' from sysobjects'
Exec(@s) --
成功
exec sp_executesql @s -- 此句会报错
declare @s Nvarchar(1000) -- 注意此处改为nvarchar(1000)
set @s = 'select ' + @fname + ' from sysobjects'
Exec(@s) -- 成功
exec sp_executesql @s -- 此句正确,
3: 输出参数
eg:
declare @num,
@sqls
set @sqls='select count(*) from ' + @servername + '.a.dbo.b'
exec(@sqls)
我如何能将exec执行的结果存入变量@num中
declare @num int,
@sqls nvarchar(4000)
set @sqls='select @a=count(*) from '+@servername+'.a.dbo.b'
exec sp_executesql @sqls,N'@a int output',@num output
select @num
楼主说的表变量是
1.
declare @t table(id int)
还是
2.
declare @tbname varchar(20)
set @tbname = 'tablename'
啊?
如果是1的话存储过程不支持,可将数据存到实体表,再将表名传给存储过程.如果2的话支持,例如:
create proc up_test(@tbname varchar(20))
as
exec('select * from '+@tbname)
GO
--调用
declare @tbname varchar(20)
set @tbname = 'tablename'
exec up_test @tbname
存储过程不支持的
可以考虑使用用户定义函数来实现,如:
CREATE FUNCTION Order_Customer
(@FirstName varchar(20),@LastName varchar(20))
RETURNS @Order_Customer_Tab TABLE
(
OrderID int,
GoodsName varchar(20),
CustomerName varchar(40)
)
BEGIN
INSERT @Order_Customer_Tab
SELECT OrderID,GoodsName,FirstName+','+LastName
FROM Orders JOIN Customers ON Orders.CustomerID = Customers.CustomerID
WHERE FirstName = @FirstName AND LastName = @LastName
RETURN
END