It is not possible to partition a table that has already been created. Tables can only be partitioned at CREATE TABLE time. If you have an existing table that you want to partition, you must recreate the table as a partitioned table, reload the data into the newly partitioned table, drop the original table and rename the partitioned table to the original name. You must also regrant any table permissions. For example:
CREATE TABLE sales2 (LIKE sales)
PARTITION BY RANGE (date)
(
START (date '2008-01-01') INCLUSIVE
END (date '2009-01-01') EXCLUSIVE
EVERY (INTERVAL '1 month')
);
INSERT INTO sales2 SELECT * FROM sales;
DROP TABLE sales;
ALTER TABLE sales2 RENAME TO sales;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON sales TO admin;
GRANT SELECT ON sales TO guest;