1.2-ActiveMQ主题（Topic）模式下消息生产与消费

ActiveMQ主题（Topic）模式下消息生产与消费

消息生产者

package service.topic;

import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;

import javax.jms.Connection;
import javax.jms.DeliveryMode;
import javax.jms.Destination;
import javax.jms.MessageProducer;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;

public class TopicProducer {

    /**
     * ActiveMq服务器地址
     * 支持的协议参见官网  http://activemq.apache.org/configuring-transports
     * TCP协议使用文档 http://activemq.apache.org/tcp-transport-reference
     */
    public static final String DEFAULT_BROKER_URL = "tcp://192.168.136.135:61616";

    public static final String USER_NAME = "admin";

    public static final String PWD = "admin";

    public static final String TOPIC_NAME = "test.topic";

    public void work() {
        try {
            // 1. Create a ConnectionFactory
            ActiveMQConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(USER_NAME, PWD, DEFAULT_BROKER_URL);

            // 2. Create a Connection
            Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
            connection.start();

            // 3. Create a Session
            Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);

            // 4.Create the destination (Topic or Queue)
            Destination destination = session.createTopic(TOPIC_NAME);

            // 5. Create a MessageProducer from the Session to the Topic or Queue  创建消息生产者
            MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(destination);
            producer.setDeliveryMode(DeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT);

            // 6. Create a messages  创建消息
            String text = System.currentTimeMillis() + "Hello world! From: " + Thread.currentThread().getName();
            TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage(text);

            // Tell the producer to send the message   生产者发送消息
            System.out.println("Sent message: " + text);
            producer.send(message);

            // Clean up
            session.close();
            connection.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

消息消费者

package service.topic;

import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;

import javax.jms.Connection;
import javax.jms.Destination;
import javax.jms.ExceptionListener;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageConsumer;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;

public class TopicConsumer implements Runnable {

    /**
     * ActiveMq服务器地址
     * 支持的协议参见官网  http://activemq.apache.org/configuring-transports
     * TCP协议使用文档 http://activemq.apache.org/tcp-transport-reference
     */
    public static final String DEFAULT_BROKER_URL = "tcp://192.168.136.135:61616";

    public static final String USER_NAME = "admin";

    public static final String PWD = "admin";

    public static final String TOPIC_NAME = "test.topic";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    }

    public void run() {
        try {
            // 1. Create a ConnectionFactory
            ActiveMQConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(USER_NAME, PWD, DEFAULT_BROKER_URL);

            // 2. Create a Connection
            Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
            connection.start();

            connection.setExceptionListener(new ExceptionListener() {
                public void onException(JMSException e) {
                    System.out.println("JMS Exception occured.  Shutting down client.");
                }
            });

            // 3. Create a Session
            Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);

            // 4.Create the destination (Topic or Queue)
            Destination destination = session.createTopic(TOPIC_NAME);

            // 5. Create a MessageConsumer from the Session to the Topic or Queue
            MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(destination);

            final String currentThreadName = Thread.currentThread().getName();

            // 6. Wait for a message
            consumer.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() {
                public void onMessage(Message message) {
                    if (message instanceof TextMessage) {
                        TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage) message;
                        String text = null;
                        try {
                            text = textMessage.getText();
                        } catch (JMSException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                        System.out.println(currentThreadName + " Received: " + text);
                    } else {
                        System.out.println(currentThreadName + " Received: " + message);
                    }
                }
            });
            // 阻塞线程，使消息消费完后才关闭连接
            System.in.read();
            consumer.close();
            session.close();
            connection.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

测试：

package service.topic;

public class TopicTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //主题模式下需要先启动消费者
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            Thread topicThread = new Thread(new TopicConsumer());
            topicThread.setName("第" + i + "个消费者");
            topicThread.start();
        }
        new TopicProducer().work();
    }
}

Sent message: 1614507988736Hello world! From: main
第1个消费者 Received: 1614507988736Hello world! From: main
第0个消费者 Received: 1614507988736Hello world! From: main
第2个消费者 Received: 1614507988736Hello world! From: main

由此可见，生产者生产了一条消息，三个消费者均消费到了此消息。

topic,queue模式比较：

比较项	Topic模式	Queue模式
工作模式	“订阅发布模式”，如果没有订阅者，消息会被丢弃，如有多个订阅者，那么多个订阅者都会受到消息	“负载均衡”模式，如果没有消费者，消息也不会丢弃，如果有多个消费者，消息只会被其中一个消费者消费
有无状态	无	Queue数据会以文件形式在mq服务器上保存，也可配置数据库存储
传递完整性	如果没有订阅者，消息会被丢弃	消息不会被丢弃
处理效率	消息按照订阅者数量进行复制，订阅者越多处理效率越低，不同消息协议间也会有差异	一条消息只会被一个消费者消费，消费者再多性能也不会明显降低，不同消息协议间也会有差异