Spring 基于事件的通信

Spring 应用上下文支持基于事件的Bean间通信。在基于事件的通信模式中，事件的发送者不需要关系，事件的监听者。这样可以使消息的发送者和监听者进行解耦。

在Spring中所有事件类必须继承自ApplicationEvent,这样任何bean都可以调用事件发布者的publishEvent()方法，发布一个事件。

 

 

 

Java代码  

1. public class MyEvent extends ApplicationEvent {  
2.   
3.     /**  */  
4.     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;  
5.   
6.   
7.     /** 
8.      * @param source 
9.      */  
10.     public MyEvent(Object source) {  
11.         super(source);  
12.           
13.     }  
14.   
15. }  

 

Java代码  

1. @Component("eventPublisher")  
2. public class EventPublisher implements ApplicationEventPublisherAware {  
3.       
4.     private ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher;  
5.       
6.       
7.     public void ckeckout(){  
8.         applicationEventPublisher.publishEvent(new MyEvent(this));  
9.     }  
10.   
11.     /**  
12.      * @see org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisherAware#setApplicationEventPublisher(org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisher) 
13.      */  
14.     @Override  
15.     public void setApplicationEventPublisher(ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher) {  
16.         this.applicationEventPublisher=applicationEventPublisher;  
17.     }  
18.   
19. }  

 

Java代码  

1. @Component  
2. public class MyListener implements ApplicationListener<MyEvent> {  
3.   
4.     /**  
5.      * @see org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener#onApplicationEvent(org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent) 
6.      */  
7.     @Override  
8.     public void onApplicationEvent(MyEvent event) {  
9.         System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+";"+event.getTimestamp());  
10.     }  
11.   
12. }  

 

Java代码  

1. public class Test {  
2.   
3.     /** 
4.      *  
5.      * @param args 
6.      * @author zhangwei<wei.zw@corp.netease.com> 
7.      */  
8.     public static void main(String[] args) {  
9.         ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");  
10.         EventPublisher cashier = (EventPublisher) context.getBean("eventPublisher");  
11.         for(int i=0;i<20;i++) {  
12.             cashier.ckeckout();  
13.         }  
14.     }  
15.   
16. }  

 

Java代码  

1. <bean id="taskExecutor"  
2.     class="org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor">  
3.     <property name="corePoolSize" value="5" />  
4.     <property name="keepAliveSeconds" value="30000" />  
5.     <property name="maxPoolSize" value="1000" />  
6.     <property name="queueCapacity" value="200" />  
7. </bean>  
8. <bean id="applicationEventMulticaster"  
9.     class="org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster">  
10.     <property name="taskExecutor" ref="taskExecutor" />  
11. </bean>  

 

Java代码  

1. taskExecutor-1;1454033201241  
2. taskExecutor-2;1454033201242  
3. taskExecutor-3;1454033201242  
4. taskExecutor-4;1454033201242  
5. taskExecutor-5;1454033201243  
6. taskExecutor-1;1454033201243  
7. taskExecutor-3;1454033201243  
8. taskExecutor-3;1454033201243  
9. taskExecutor-2;1454033201243  
10. taskExecutor-5;1454033201243  
11. taskExecutor-1;1454033201243  
12. taskExecutor-4;1454033201243  
13. taskExecutor-3;1454033201243  
14. taskExecutor-2;1454033201244  
15. taskExecutor-5;1454033201244  
16. taskExecutor-5;1454033201244  
17. taskExecutor-4;1454033201244  
18. taskExecutor-3;1454033201244  
19. taskExecutor-2;1454033201244  
20. taskExecutor-5;1454033201244  

 

 

 

通过上面的一个示例，实现了异步的基于事件通信。

 

在AbstractApplicationContext中发布事件的实现如下,首先获取applicationEventMulticaster,通过其发布事件。

 

 

Java代码  

1. /** 
2.      * Publish the given event to all listeners. 
3.      * <p>Note: Listeners get initialized after the MessageSource, to be able 
4.      * to access it within listener implementations. Thus, MessageSource 
5.      * implementations cannot publish events. 
6.      * @param event the event to publish (may be application-specific or a 
7.      * standard framework event) 
8.      */  
9.     public void publishEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {  
10.         Assert.notNull(event, "Event must not be null");  
11.         if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {  
12.             logger.trace("Publishing event in " + getDisplayName() + ": " + event);  
13.         }  
14.         getApplicationEventMulticaster().multicastEvent(event);  
15.         if (this.parent != null) {  
16.             this.parent.publishEvent(event);  
17.         }  
18.     }  

     在看看ApplicaitonEventMulticaster的初始化逻辑，如果在有配置过applicationEventMulticaster则直接使用，否则创建一个；注意，配置是ID必须是applicationEventMulticaster

Java代码  

1. /** 
2.      * Initialize the ApplicationEventMulticaster. 
3.      * Uses SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster if none defined in the context. 
4.      * @see org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster 
5.      */  
6.     protected void initApplicationEventMulticaster() {  
7.         ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();  
8.         if (beanFactory.containsLocalBean(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME)) {  
9.             this.applicationEventMulticaster =  
10.                     beanFactory.getBean(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME, ApplicationEventMulticaster.class);  
11.             if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {  
12.                 logger.debug("Using ApplicationEventMulticaster [" + this.applicationEventMulticaster + "]");  
13.             }  
14.         }  
15.         else {  
16.             this.applicationEventMulticaster = new SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster(beanFactory);  
17.             beanFactory.registerSingleton(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME, this.applicationEventMulticaster);  
18.             if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {  
19.                 logger.debug("Unable to locate ApplicationEventMulticaster with name '" +  
20.                         APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME +  
21.                         "': using default [" + this.applicationEventMulticaster + "]");  
22.             }  
23.         }  
24.     }  

 再看看ApplicationEventMulticaster中又是如何发布事件的。如果有配置线程池，则异步处理，否则同步处理。

 

Java代码  

1. public void multicastEvent(final ApplicationEvent event) {  
2.         for (final ApplicationListener listener : getApplicationListeners(event)) {  
3.             Executor executor = getTaskExecutor();  
4.             if (executor != null) {  
5.                 executor.execute(new Runnable() {  
6.                     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  
7.                     public void run() {  
8.                         listener.onApplicationEvent(event);  
9.                     }  
10.                 });  
11.             }  
12.             else {  
13.                 listener.onApplicationEvent(event);  
14.             }  
15.         }  
16.     }  

 

转自：http://wujiu.iteye.com/blog/2274871