学习笔记（二）tidyverse之readxl包------表格数据读取

1、readxl概况

readxl包是tidyverse中的一员，是导入Excel表格数据的一个R包，由Hadley Wickham开发的。与其他已经存在的包（例如：gdata包、xlsx包…）最大的区别是不依赖其他外部程序，能够在所有操作系统中都方便使用;
主要功能是导入xls/xlsx 文件;
官方链接： http://readxl.tidyverse.org/

2、installation & library

方法一：从CRAN中安装在整个tidyverse包

#install.packages("tidyverse")
library(tidyverse)

## Warning: package 'tidyverse' was built under R version 3.4.4

## -- Attaching packages ---------------------------------- tidyverse 1.2.1 --

## √ ggplot2 2.2.1     √ purrr   0.2.4
## √ tibble  1.4.2     √ dplyr   0.7.4
## √ tidyr   0.8.0     √ stringr 1.2.0
## √ readr   1.1.1     √ forcats 0.3.0

## Warning: package 'ggplot2' was built under R version 3.4.1

## Warning: package 'tibble' was built under R version 3.4.4

## Warning: package 'tidyr' was built under R version 3.4.4

## Warning: package 'readr' was built under R version 3.4.4

## Warning: package 'purrr' was built under R version 3.4.4

## Warning: package 'dplyr' was built under R version 3.4.3

## Warning: package 'stringr' was built under R version 3.4.1

## Warning: package 'forcats' was built under R version 3.4.4

## -- Conflicts ------------------------------------- tidyverse_conflicts() --
## x dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## x dplyr::lag()    masks stats::lag()

方法二：从Cran中直接安装readxl包

#install.packages("readxl")
library(readxl)

## Warning: package 'readxl' was built under R version 3.4.4

3、Usage

readxl_example()

readxl包中含有一些例子，我们可以使用readxl_example()函数直接将它们展示出来，或者使用readxl_example("filename"")得到该文件的路径

readxl_example()

##  [1] "clippy.xls"    "clippy.xlsx"   "datasets.xls"  "datasets.xlsx"
##  [5] "deaths.xls"    "deaths.xlsx"   "geometry.xls"  "geometry.xlsx"
##  [9] "type-me.xls"   "type-me.xlsx"

readxl_example("datasets.xls")

## [1] "D:/R-3.4.0/library/readxl/extdata/datasets.xls"

readxl_example("datasets.xlsx")

## [1] "D:/R-3.4.0/library/readxl/extdata/datasets.xlsx"

注：接下来使用datasets.xls及datasets.xlsx来分享readxl包中其他函数的使用方法

read_excel()

导入xls/xlsx函数

xls_eg <- read_excel("D:/R-3.4.0/library/readxl/extdata/datasets.xls")
xls_eg

## # A tibble: 150 x 5
##    Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
##           <dbl>       <dbl>        <dbl>       <dbl> <chr> 
##  1          5.1         3.5          1.4         0.2 setosa
##  2          4.9         3            1.4         0.2 setosa
##  3          4.7         3.2          1.3         0.2 setosa
##  4          4.6         3.1          1.5         0.2 setosa
##  5          5           3.6          1.4         0.2 setosa
##  6          5.4         3.9          1.7         0.4 setosa
##  7          4.6         3.4          1.4         0.3 setosa
##  8          5           3.4          1.5         0.2 setosa
##  9          4.4         2.9          1.4         0.2 setosa
## 10          4.9         3.1          1.5         0.1 setosa
## # ... with 140 more rows

xlsx_eg <- read_excel