进程间通信之信号量--使用信号实现生产者消费者问题

生产者消费者是数学中的一个经典的问题，也是编程中的一个经典问题。

本示例采用信号量来解决这个问题，其实，最终也就是进程之间同步的问题。

生产者源代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>

int sem_id;
void init()
{
	key_t key;
	int ret;
	unsigned short sem_array[2];   //0代表生产者，1代表消费者
	union semun
	{
		int val;
		struct semid_ds *buf;
		unsigned short *array;
	}arg;
	key=ftok(".",'s');
	sem_id=semget(key,2,0777|IPC_CREAT);
	sem_array[0]=0;
	sem_array[1]=100;
	arg.array=sem_array;
	ret=semctl(sem_id,0,SETALL,arg);
	if(ret==-1)
	{
		perror("semctl");
		exit(1);
	}
	printf("productor init is %d\n",semctl(sem_id,0,GETVAL));
	printf("consumer  init is %d\n",semctl(sem_id,1,GETVAL));
}
void del()
{
	semctl(sem_id,IPC_RMID,0);
}

int main()
{
	struct sembuf sops[2];
	int retv;
	sops[0].sem_num	= 0;
	sops[0].sem_op  = 1;
	sops[0].sem_flg = 0;
	sops[1].sem_num	= 1;
	sops[1].sem_op  = -1;
	sops[1].sem_flg = 0;
	init();
	printf("this is productor\n");
	while(1)
	{
		printf("\n\nbefore produce\n");
		printf("productor number is %d\n",semctl(sem_id,0,GETVAL));
		printf("space number is %d\n",semctl(sem_id,1,GETVAL));
		retv=semop(sem_id,&sops[1],1);
		//if(retv==-1)
			printf("no work semo on sops[0] retv%d\n",retv);
		printf("now producting....\n");
		retv=semop(sem_id,&sops[0],1);
		//if(retv==-1)
			printf("no work semo on sops[0] retv=%d\n",retv);
		printf("\nafter produce\n");
		printf("productor number is %d\n",semctl(sem_id,0,GETVAL));
		printf("space number is %d\n",semctl(sem_id,1,GETVAL));
		sleep(1);
	}
	del();
	return 0;
}

 

 

消费者源代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>
int sem_id;
void init()
{
	key_t key;
	key=ftok(".",'s');
	sem_id=semget(key,2,0777|IPC_CREAT);
}
int main()
{
	
	struct sembuf sops[2];
	sops[0].sem_num	= 0;
	sops[0].sem_op  = -1;
	sops[0].sem_flg = 0;
	sops[1].sem_num	= 1;
	sops[1].sem_op  = 1;
	sops[1].sem_flg = 0;
	init();
	printf("this is customer\n");
	while(1)
	{
		printf("\n\nbefore consumer\n");
		printf("productor number is %d\n",semctl(sem_id,0,GETVAL));
		printf("space number is %d\n",semctl(sem_id,1,GETVAL));
		semop(sem_id,&sops[0],1);
		printf("now consuming....\n");
		semop(sem_id,&sops[1],1);
		printf("\nafter consume\n");
		printf("productor number is %d\n",semctl(sem_id,0,GETVAL));
		printf("space number is %d\n",semctl(sem_id,1,GETVAL));
		sleep(3);
	}





	return 0;
}