目录
涉及知识点
1.类结构的使用:属性、方法及构造器
2.对象的创建与使用
3.类的封装性
4.声明和使用数组
5.数组的插入、删除和替换
6.关键字的使用:this
项目介绍
该项目包含五个类,Customer类,CustomerList类,CustomerView类,CMUtility类.Main类
Customer设置客户的属性,并对其进行封装。
CustomerList为Customer对象的管理模块,内部用数组管理一组Customer对象,并提供相应的添加、修改、删除和遍历方法,供CustomerView调用。
CustomerView为为主模块,负责菜单的显示和处理用户操作
CMUtility类为用户操作,提供不同的读入方法,供用户操作。
Main类进行测试,显示主模块。
Customer类的设计
该类封装客户的以下信息:
String name
:客户姓名
char gender
:性别
int
age
:年龄
String phone
:电话号码
String email
:电子邮箱
提供各属性的
get/set
方法
提供所需的构造器(可自行确定)
package com.first.CustomerList;
import com.first.Customer.Customer;
/**
*
* @author 小超努力中
* @Description 用于实体客户的增删改查、用数组来管理实体对象、 供CustomerView调用
* @param Customer
*
*/
public class CustomerList {
private Customer[] customers; //保存客户对象的数组
private int total = 0; //客户的个数
//用來設置存儲客户的最大值
public CustomerList(int totalCustomer) {
customers = new Customer[totalCustomer];
}
//用來添加客戶,如果客戶添加的个数小于数组的最大值则能够添加成功,返回 true,否则返回false
public boolean addCustomer(Customer customer) {
if(total >= customers.length) {
return false;
}else {
customers[total++] = customer;
return true;
}
}
//根据索引值来更改客户的信息
public boolean replaceCustomer(int index, Customer cust){
if(index >= 0 && index < total) {
customers[index] = cust;
return true;
}else {
return false;
}
}
public boolean deleteCustomer(int index) {
if(index < 0 || index >= total) {
return false;
}
for(int i = index; i < total; i ++) {
customers[i] = customers[i+1];
}
//最后一个数据需要置空
customers[total - 1] = null;
total --;
return true;
}
public Customer[] getAllCustomer() {
// return customers; 这样写容易空指针异常
Customer[] customer = new Customer[total];
for(int i = 0; i < total; i ++) {
customer[i] = customers[i];
}
return customer;
}
//获取索引的客户
public Customer getCustomer(int index) {
if(index < 0 || index >= total) {
return null;
}
else {
return customers[index];
}
}
public int getTotal() {
return total;
}
}
CustomerList类的设计
本类封装以下信息:
Customer[] customers
:用来保存客户对象的数组
int
total = 0
:记录已保存客户对象的数量
该类至少提供以下构造器和方法:
public
CustomerList
(int
totalCustomer
)
public
boolean
addCustomer
(Customer customer)
public
boolean
replaceCustomer
(int index, Customer
cust
)
public
boolean
deleteCustomer
(int
index)
public
Customer[]
getAllCustomers
()
public
Customer
getCustomer
(int index)
public
int
getTotal
()
package com.first.CustomerList;
import com.first.Customer.Customer;
/**
*
* @author 小超努力中
* @Description 用于实体客户的增删改查、用数组来管理实体对象、 供CustomerView调用
* @param Customer
*
*/
public class CustomerList {
private Customer[] customers; //保存客户对象的数组
private int total = 0; //客户的个数
//用來設置存儲客户的最大值
public CustomerList(int totalCustomer) {
customers = new Customer[totalCustomer];
}
//用來添加客戶,如果客戶添加的个数小于数组的最大值则能够添加成功,返回 true,否则返回false
public boolean addCustomer(Customer customer) {
if(total >= customers.length) {
return false;
}else {
customers[total++] = customer;
return true;
}
}
//根据索引值来更改客户的信息
public boolean replaceCustomer(int index, Customer cust){
if(index >= 0 && index < total) {
customers[index] = cust;
return true;
}else {
return false;
}
}
public boolean deleteCustomer(int index) {
if(index < 0 || index >= total) {
return false;
}
for(int i = index; i < total; i ++) {
customers[i] = customers[i+1];
}
//最后一个数据需要置空
customers[total - 1] = null;
total --;
return true;
}
public Customer[] getAllCustomer() {
// return customers; 这样写容易空指针异常
Customer[] customer = new Customer[total];
for(int i = 0; i < total; i ++) {
customer[i] = customers[i];
}
return customer;
}
//获取索引的客户
public Customer getCustomer(int index) {
if(index < 0 || index >= total) {
return null;
}
else {
return customers[index];
}
}
public int getTotal() {
return total;
}
}
CustomerView类的设计
本类封装以下信息:
CustomerList
customerList
= new
CustomerList
(10);
创建最大包含10个客户对象的CustomerList 对象,供以下各成员方法使用。
该类至少提供以下方法:
public void
enterMainMenu
()
private void
addNewCustomer
()
private void
modifyCustomer
()
private void
deleteCustomer
()
private void
listAllCustomers
()
public static void main(String[]
args
)
package com.first.CustomerView;
import com.first.Customer.Customer;
import com.first.CustomerList.CustomerList;
import com.first.util.CMUtility;
/**
* @Description 主模块负责显示用户界面和操作
* @author 小超努力中
*/
public class CustomerView {
private CustomerList customerlist = new CustomerList(10);
public CustomerView() {
Customer s = new Customer("王超",'男',18,"19236360221","285920@qq.com");
customerlist.addCustomer(s);
}
public void enterMainMenu() {
boolean isFlag = true;
while(isFlag) {
System.out.println("----------客户信息管理系统---------");
System.out.println(" 1 添加客户");
System.out.println(" 2 修改客户");
System.out.println(" 3 删除客户");
System.out.println(" 4 客户列表");
System.out.println(" 5 退出");
System.out.println(" 请选择(1-5)");
char menu = CMUtility.readMenuSelection();
System.out.println(menu);
switch(menu) {
case '1': addNewCustomer(); break;
case '2': modifyCustomer(); break;
case '3': deleteCustomer(); break;
case '4': listAllCustomer(); break;
case '5': System.out.println("确认是否退出(Y/N)");
char isExit = CMUtility.readConfirmSelection();
if(isExit == 'Y') {
isFlag = false;
}
}
}
}
//添加客户
private void addNewCustomer() {
// System.out.println("添加客户");
System.out.println("---------------添加客户--------------");
System.out.print("姓名:");
String name = CMUtility.readString(10);
System.out.print("性别:");
char gender = CMUtility.readChar();
System.out.print("年龄:");
int age = CMUtility.readInt();
System.out.print("手机号:");
String phone = CMUtility.readString(15);
System.out.print("邮箱:");
String email = CMUtility.readString(20);
Customer customer = new Customer(name,gender,age,phone,email);
boolean isSuccess = customerlist.addCustomer(customer);
if(isSuccess) {
System.out.println("----------------添加成功----------------");
}else {
System.out.println("--------------客户已满、添加失败-------------");
}
}
//修改客户
private void modifyCustomer() {
// System.out.println("修改客户");
System.out.println("---------------修改客户---------------");
Customer cust;
int number;
for(; ;) {
System.out.println("请选择修改的编号(-1)退出");
// 读入修改客户的编号
number = CMUtility.readInt();
if(number == -1) {
return; //方法结束
}
cust = customerlist.getCustomer(number-1);
if(cust == null) {
System.out.println("无法找到指定用户");
}else {
break;
}
}
System.out.println("姓名(" + cust.getName() + "):");
String name = CMUtility.readString(10,cust.getName());
System.out.println("性别(" + cust.getGender() + "):");
char gender = CMUtility.readChar(cust.getGender());
System.out.println("年龄(" + cust.getAge() + "):");
int age = CMUtility.readInt(cust.getAge());
System.out.println("手机(" + cust.getPhone() + "):");
String phone = CMUtility.readString(15,cust.getPhone());
System.out.println("邮箱(" + cust.getEmail() + "):");
String email = CMUtility.readString(20,cust.getEmail());
Customer newcust = new Customer(name,gender,age,phone,email);
boolean isReplaced = customerlist.replaceCustomer(number-1, newcust);
if(isReplaced) {
System.out.println("------------修改完成------------");
}
else {
System.out.println("------------修改失败------------");
}
}
//删除客户
private void deleteCustomer() {
System.out.println("-----------------删除客户----------------");
int number;
for(; ;) {
System.out.println("请选择输出客户编号(-1返回)");
number = CMUtility.readInt();
if(number == -1) {
return;
}
Customer customer = customerlist.getCustomer(number - 1);
if(customer == null) {
System.out.println("无法找到指定客户");
}else {
break;
}
}
System.out.println("确认删除请选择(Y/N)");
char isDelete = CMUtility.readChar();
if(isDelete == 'Y') {
boolean isSuccess = customerlist.deleteCustomer(number -1);
if(isSuccess) {
System.out.println("-----------删除完成---------");
}else {
System.out.println("-----------删除失败----------");
}
}
}
//遍历出所有客户的内容信息
private void listAllCustomer() {
//System.out.println("客户列表");
System.out.println("-------------------客户列表-----------------");
Customer[] cust = customerlist.getAllCustomer();
if(cust.length == 0) {
System.out.println("没有客户记录!");
}else {
System.out.println("编号\t姓名\t性别\t年龄\t手机号\t\t邮箱\t");
for(int i = 0; i < cust.length; i ++) {
System.out.println(i+1+"\t"+cust[i].getName() + "\t" + cust[i].getGender() + "\t" +
cust[i].getAge() + "\t" + cust[i].getPhone() + "\t" + cust[i].getEmail() );
}
}
}
}
CMUtility的设计
package com.first.util;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* CMUtility工具类: 将不同的功能封装为方法,就是可以直接通过调用方法使用它的功能,而无需考虑具体的功能实现细节。
*/
public class CMUtility {
private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
/**
* 用于界面菜单的选择。该方法读取键盘,如果用户键入’1’-’5’中的任意字符,则方法返回。返回值为用户键入字符。
*/
public static char readMenuSelection() {
char c;
for (;;) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c != '1' && c != '2' && c != '3' && c != '4' && c != '5') {
System.out.print("选择错误,请重新输入:");
} else
break;
}
return c;
}
/**
* 从键盘读取一个字符,并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static char readChar() {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
return str.charAt(0);
}
/**
* 从键盘读取一个字符,并将其作为方法的返回值。 如果用户不输入字符而直接回车,方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
*/
public static char readChar(char defaultValue) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, true);
return (str.length() == 0) ? defaultValue : str.charAt(0);
}
/**
* 从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数,并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static int readInt() {
int n;
for (;;) {
String str = readKeyBoard(2, false);
try {
n = Integer.parseInt(str);
break;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.print("数字输入错误,请重新输入:");
}
}
return n;
}
/**
* 从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数,并将其作为方法的返回值。 如果用户不输入字符而直接回车,方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
*/
public static int readInt(int defaultValue) {
int n;
for (;;) {
String str = readKeyBoard(2, true);
if (str.equals("")) {
return defaultValue;
}
try {
n = Integer.parseInt(str);
break;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.print("数字输入错误,请重新输入:");
}
}
return n;
}
/**
* 从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串,并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static String readString(int limit) {
return readKeyBoard(limit, false);
}
/**
* 从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串,并将其作为方法的返回值。 如果用户不输入字符而直接回车,方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
*/
public static String readString(int limit, String defaultValue) {
String str = readKeyBoard(limit, true);
return str.equals("") ? defaultValue : str;
}
/**
* 用于确认选择的输入。该方法从键盘读取‘Y’或’N’,并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static char readConfirmSelection() {
char c;
for (;;) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false).toUpperCase();
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c == 'Y' || c == 'N') {
break;
} else {
System.out.print("选择错误,请重新输入:");
}
}
return c;
}
private static String readKeyBoard(int limit, boolean blankReturn) {
String line = "";
while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
line = scanner.nextLine();
if (line.length() == 0) {
if (blankReturn)
return line;
else
continue;
}
if (line.length() < 1 || line.length() > limit) {
System.out.print("输入长度(不大于" + limit + ")错误,请重新输入:");
continue;
}
break;
}
return line;
}
}
Main测试类
package com.first.Main;
import com.first.CustomerView.CustomerView;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
CustomerView view = new CustomerView();
view.enterMainMenu();
}
}
eclipse结果演示