The Most Common Habits from more than 200 English Papers written by Graduate Chinese Engineering Stu

a, an, the

a, an 不定冠词  通用的 (general) 非特定的

the 定冠词 特定的(specific)

1)在需要的地方省略,2)在不需要的地方使用,或导致冗长的地方使用,3)错误地代替了正确的冠词。

very long sentences 非常长的句子❌

通过将每个句子限制在一两个主题上,可以避免使用长句子。分号应该用在作者真正想强调观点之间关系的地方。

对于给定大量的数据描述,比如参数值会出现超长的句子,此时可以把他表格化或者放在一个项目列表中。(有这种情况,但不常见)

prefacing the main idea of a sentence by starting the purpose, location or reason first.❌

在阐述句子的中心思想前先说明了目的,位置或者理由        No!!!!❌

正确的写法:把主要思想放在句子的开头,然后陈述任何地点、原因等。

bring the main idea to the beginning of the sentence stating any locations, reasons, etc, afterwards.   这点非常重要,值得重视!!!!

“Tendency of placing phrases which indicate time at the beginning of a sentence” (Brittman, p. 7)

把时间短语放置在句子开头❌

“When U is taken as the control parameter, the BDs for ' =0.0, 0.001, 0.005 are shown in Fig. 8.” (Brittman, p. 7) No!❌

“Figure 8 shows the BDs for ' =0.0, 0.001, and 0.005 when U is taken as the control parameter” (Brittman, p. 7) Yes!!

“Place the most important subject at the beginning of the sentence for emphasis” (Brittman, p. 7)

把最重要的主语放在句子开头表示强调❌

这两个我应该不存在这样的问题(maybe

““which/ that”” (Brittman, p. 7)

which或者that指代不明

“‘Respectively’ and ‘respective’” (Brittman, p. 8)

一般出现在句末,并且顺序上要有所对应,比如

“Incorrect The weights of the two experts are respectively 0.600 and 0.400.19  NO!! ❌

Correct The weights of the two experts are 0.600 and 0.400, respectively.” (Brittman, p. 8) YES!!!

“‘In this paper’, ‘in this study’” (Brittman, p. 9)

1)overuse(过度使用)❌

应该出现的地方:

1.出现在conclusion或者introduction表示强调

2. 出现在正文中,应该是出现在参考了作者未完成的工作后出现

2)应该用 in this study,儿不建议用in this paper

或者也可以用 in this research , This paper present….

这一点也应该被注意

“Numbers and Equations” (Brittman, p. 10)

应该使用单词而不是阿拉伯数字

阿拉伯数字不要出现在句首,并且应该表示数据,而不是通用信息。另外阿拉伯数字也被过度使用

应该尽可能的引用公式,而不是将公式插入到论文中。(我的表述不恰当,例子如下:

“Incorrect If the power battery SOC > SOClo and the driving torque belongs to the middle load,... ❌

Correct If the power battery SOC is greater than SOClo and the driving torque belongs to the middle load,...” (Brittman, p. 10) ✔

“Format” (Brittman, p. 10)

“Paragraphs” (Brittman, p. 10)

常见的错误:

❌ 没有缩进

❌在段落前有单行的单个句子??

段落应该表示一个观点的结束和另一个观点的开始。

两个段落之间应该空一行或者有1 inch的缩进

“‘Figure’ and ‘Table’” (Brittman, p. 11)

“Incorrect Figure.6, Figure6, Fig.6, Tbl10 ❌

Correct Figure 6, Fig. 6, Tbl. 10” ✔

缩写一般不出现在句首,要保持通篇一致,table一般没有缩写,建议写全称。

Fig. 6, 和Figure 6.

“Variables” (Brittman, p. 11)

变量应该是斜体,或者根据不同期刊的要求来。

“Capitals” (Brittman, p. 11)

句首才大写,句子中间不能大写。

“‘such as’ and ‘etc.’” (Brittman, p. 11)

such as 和 etc. 不能同时出现。

such as 表示 for example, 表示的是不完全的列举

etc. 表示 so on, 出现在句末,表示没有完全列出。

如果是完整列表(list) 不能用such as, 可以用:表示

单复数的问题。

different, various, 或者数量词后应该跟复数。

一些冗余性的使用,这点需要注意!!

“Do not write ‘by this way’. Instead write ‘by doing this’, or ‘using this method’.”

要指代明确

不要在句子开头使用 how to (说话的时候也是

“No How to find the optimal parameter is the main objective. ❌

Yes Determining how to find the optimal parameter is the main objective.” ✔

“7) Do write ‘the results are shown in Figure 2’. Do not write ‘the results are showed as Figure 2’.” (Brittman, p. 13)

这点需要注意,我好像一直在这么写(

少用 obviously

避免过度使用“that is to say”和“namely”这两个短语。相反,试着用一句话来表达你的意思。

不用 too 表示也 ❌

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Shifts in China’s Rural and Urban Population: 2000-2020 The bar chart clearly reveals that from 2000 to 2020, while the total population in China increased moderately from 1.25 billion to 1.41 billion, population in urban and rural areas experienced dramatic shifts in different directions. Urban population rose from 450 million in 2000 to 670 million in 2010 and 900 million in 2020; contrastingly, rural population declined from 800 million in 2000 to 680 million in 2010 and 510 million in 2020. The population gap narrowed largely because of the joint effects of urbanization, unequal economic opportunities in rural and urban areas, and the expansion of higher education. In the first place, there was a large-scale urban sprawl during this period. Places which had been part of the vast countryside were incorporated into cities, causing hundreds of millions of rural dwellers to be passively transformed into urban residents. What’s more, while urban living standards improved greatly in these years, few economic opportunities fell on rural areas and most peasant families remained at the poverty line. Poverty prompted the call for change, leading a large quantity of healthy young peasants to leave their hometowns and flock to cities for a better living. Last but not least, China’s higher education grew at an unprecedented rate in these years. More high school graduates than ever before entered colleges and universities, most of whom preferred to stay in urban areas after graduation for personal development. The increase in urban population was a sure indication of economic and educational achievements in China. It benefited the country in many aspects, relieving the shortage of labor force in cities, lessening the burden of peasants to support their families, and affording young people from rural areas more opportunities to display their talents. However, the migration of rural residents into urban areas inevitably brought about disadvantages. Some of them, such as waste of arable land and left-behind children in the countryside, as well as traffic congestion and soaring housing prices in cities, have already called the attention of the government and corresponding measures have begun to take effect. But others, especially the inability of many peasants to integrate into urban life due to their lack of education and civilized habits, have long been neglected. In this sense, we cannot be satisfied with the superficially optimistic figures in the chart, but should endeavor to foster the integration of these newcomers by providing them with adequate assistance in educational and cultural aspects, so that they can find easier access to the prosperity and convenience of urban life and be more fully devoted to the development of cities.翻译成英文版两百单词左右的文章
最新发布
02-21

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