一、简介
1.嵌入式实时操作系统(RTOS)
嵌入式实时操作系统(RTOS)是专门设计用于嵌入式系统的操作系统,其主要特点是能够提供实时性能和确定性。RTOS通常用于处理对时间敏感的任务和需要快速响应的应用程序,例如汽车控制系统、医疗设备、工业自动化等领域。常见的嵌入式实时操作系统(RTOS)包括FreeRTOS、uC/OS、VxWorks、ThreadX等。
2.uC/OS-III
uC/OS-III是一款高效、可移植、可裁剪的实时嵌入式操作系统(RTOS),由Micrium公司开发。它是uC/OS系列的第三个版本,专为嵌入式系统设计,提供了可靠的实时性能和多任务处理能力。
二、获取uc/OS-III源码
1.官网下载:
Micrium Software and Documentation - Silicon Labs
2.网盘下载
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ieuQjAxQSsFSq2D0dNwcRQ
提取码:a477
下载后解压可看到这四个文件:
三、建立stm32 HAL库工程
1.建立工程,选择stm32f103c8t6
芯片
2.配置RCC,SYS,设置系统时钟为72M
3.将PB0和PB1设置为GPIO_Output,进行项目命名等操作,最后生成项目
4.项目生成后文件夹内容如下:
四、复制uC/OS-III文件到工程文件夹
1.在项目中创建一个UCOS-III文件夹
2.将下载的源文件下的uC-CPU、uC-LIB、
UCOS-III复制到该文件夹
3.在Src文件夹下新建一个OS文件夹
4.将下载的源码中的文件app.c 、 app_cfg.h 、 cpu_cfg.h 、 includes.h 、 lib_cfg.h 、 os_app_hooks.c 、os_app_hook.h、os_cfg.h、os_cfg_app.h复制到该OS文件夹中
5.新建三个空白文件: bsp.c、bsp.h、app.h:
五、工程组件和头文件路径的添加
1. 添加工程分组
打开工程,添加以下六个组
2. 添加文件到分组
1)将Src/OS中的bsp.c和bsp.h文件添加至bsp组中,将app.c添加进Application/User/Core组中
2)将UCOSIII/uC-CPU中的cpu_core.c、cpu_core.h、cpu_def.h添加进uCOSIII_CPU组中,同时将UCOSIII/uC-CPU/ARM-Cortex-M3/RealView中的三个文件添加到该组
3)将UCOSIII/uC-LIB中的9个文件添加到uCOSIII-LIB组中,同时将UCOSIII/uC-LIB/Ports/ARM-Cortex-M3/Realview中的lib_mem_a.asm添加到该组中
4)将UCOSIII/UcosIII/Ports/ARM-Cortex-M3/Generic/RealView中的3个文件添加的uCOSIII_Ports组中
5)将UCOSIII/UcosIII/Source中的20个文件添加到uCOSIII_Source组中
6)将Core/Src/OS中的以下图中的8个文件添加到OS_cfg组中
3. 添加头文件路径
添加头文件路径 ,操作如下:
六、文件内容的修改
1. 启动文件
将启动文件下图中的PendSV_Handler和Systick_Handler改为OS_CPU_PendSVHandler和OS_CPU_SysTickHandler
这里也需要改:更改后:
2.app_cfg.h
1)
修改前
#define APP_CFG_SERIAL_EN DEF_ENABLED
修改后
#define APP_CFG_SERIAL_EN DEF_DISABLED
2)
修改前
#define APP_TRACE BSP_Ser_Printf
修改后
#define APP_TRACE (void)
3.includes.h
1)添加3个头文件
#include "gpio.h"
#include "app_cfg.h"
#include "app.h"
2)
修改前:
#include <stm32f10x_lib.h>
修改后:
#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
4. bsp.c和bsp.h
bsp.c写入下面代码:
// bsp.c
#include "includes.h"
#define DWT_CR *(CPU_REG32 *)0xE0001000
#define DWT_CYCCNT *(CPU_REG32 *)0xE0001004
#define DEM_CR *(CPU_REG32 *)0xE000EDFC
#define DBGMCU_CR *(CPU_REG32 *)0xE0042004
#define DEM_CR_TRCENA (1 << 24)
#define DWT_CR_CYCCNTENA (1 << 0)
CPU_INT32U BSP_CPU_ClkFreq (void)
{
return HAL_RCC_GetHCLKFreq();
}
void BSP_Tick_Init(void)
{
CPU_INT32U cpu_clk_freq;
CPU_INT32U cnts;
cpu_clk_freq = BSP_CPU_ClkFreq();
#if(OS_VERSION>=3000u)
cnts = cpu_clk_freq/(CPU_INT32U)OSCfg_TickRate_Hz;
#else
cnts = cpu_clk_freq/(CPU_INT32U)OS_TICKS_PER_SEC;
#endif
OS_CPU_SysTickInit(cnts);
}
void BSP_Init(void)
{
BSP_Tick_Init();
MX_GPIO_Init();
}
#if (CPU_CFG_TS_TMR_EN == DEF_ENABLED)
void CPU_TS_TmrInit (void)
{
CPU_INT32U cpu_clk_freq_hz;
DEM_CR |= (CPU_INT32U)DEM_CR_TRCENA; /* Enable Cortex-M3's DWT CYCCNT reg. */
DWT_CYCCNT = (CPU_INT32U)0u;
DWT_CR |= (CPU_INT32U)DWT_CR_CYCCNTENA;
cpu_clk_freq_hz = BSP_CPU_ClkFreq();
CPU_TS_TmrFreqSet(cpu_clk_freq_hz);
}
#endif
#if (CPU_CFG_TS_TMR_EN == DEF_ENABLED)
CPU_TS_TMR CPU_TS_TmrRd (void)
{
return ((CPU_TS_TMR)DWT_CYCCNT);
}
#endif
#if (CPU_CFG_TS_32_EN == DEF_ENABLED)
CPU_INT64U CPU_TS32_to_uSec (CPU_TS32 ts_cnts)
{
CPU_INT64U ts_us;
CPU_INT64U fclk_freq;
fclk_freq = BSP_CPU_ClkFreq();
ts_us = ts_cnts / (fclk_freq / DEF_TIME_NBR_uS_PER_SEC);
return (ts_us);
}
#endif
#if (CPU_CFG_TS_64_EN == DEF_ENABLED)
CPU_INT64U CPU_TS64_to_uSec (CPU_TS64 ts_cnts)
{
CPU_INT64U ts_us;
CPU_INT64U fclk_freq;
fclk_freq = BSP_CPU_ClkFreq();
ts_us = ts_cnts / (fclk_freq / DEF_TIME_NBR_uS_PER_SEC);
return (ts_us);
}
#endif
bsp.写入下面代码:
// bsp.h
#ifndef __BSP_H__
#define __BSP_H__
#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
void BSP_Init(void);
#endif
5. main.c
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include <includes.h>
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
//任务控制块
static OS_TCB AppTaskStartTCB;
//任务堆栈
static CPU_STK AppTaskStartStk[APP_TASK_START_STK_SIZE];
/* 私有函数原形 --------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void AppTaskCreate(void);
static void AppObjCreate(void);
static void AppTaskStart(void *p_arg);
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
OS_ERR err;
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
// HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
// SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
OSInit(&err);
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
// MX_GPIO_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
/* 创建任务 */
OSTaskCreate((OS_TCB *)&AppTaskStartTCB, /* Create the start task */
(CPU_CHAR *)"App Task Start",
(OS_TASK_PTR ) AppTaskStart,
(void *) 0,
(OS_PRIO ) APP_TASK_START_PRIO,
(CPU_STK *)&AppTaskStartStk[0],
(CPU_STK_SIZE) APP_TASK_START_STK_SIZE / 10,
(CPU_STK_SIZE) APP_TASK_START_STK_SIZE,
(OS_MSG_QTY ) 0,
(OS_TICK ) 0,
(void *) 0,
(OS_OPT )(OS_OPT_TASK_STK_CHK | OS_OPT_TASK_STK_CLR),
(OS_ERR *)&err);
/* 启动多任务系统,控制权交给uC/OS-III */
OSStart(&err); /* Start multitasking (i.e. give control to uC/OS-III). */
}
/**
* 函数功能: 启动任务函数体。
* 输入参数: p_arg 是在创建该任务时传递的形参
* 返 回 值: 无
* 说 明:无
*/
static void AppTaskStart (void *p_arg)
{
OS_ERR err;
(void)p_arg;
BSP_Init(); /* Initialize BSP functions */
CPU_Init();
Mem_Init(); /* Initialize Memory Management Module */
#if OS_CFG_STAT_TASK_EN > 0u
OSStatTaskCPUUsageInit(&err); /* Compute CPU capacity with no task running */
#endif
CPU_IntDisMeasMaxCurReset();
AppTaskCreate(); /* Create Application Tasks */
AppObjCreate(); /* Create Application Objects */
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_1,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
while (DEF_TRUE)
{
HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_0);
// HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LED0_GPIO_Port,LED0_Pin);
// HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED1_GPIO_Port,LED1_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
OSTimeDlyHMSM(0, 0, 0, 500,
OS_OPT_TIME_HMSM_STRICT,
&err);
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/**
* 函数功能: 创建应用任务
* 输入参数: p_arg 是在创建该任务时传递的形参
* 返 回 值: 无
* 说 明:无
*/
static void AppTaskCreate (void)
{
}
/**
* 函数功能: uCOSIII内核对象创建
* 输入参数: 无
* 返 回 值: 无
* 说 明:无
*/
static void AppObjCreate (void)
{
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
tex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
6. lib_cfg.h
加入宏定义:
#define LIB_MEM_CFG_HEAP_SIZE 10u * 1024u
7. app.c
改为这一行
#include "includes.h"