Web3j使用示例（一）——Java中操作以太坊钱包

Java中操作以太坊钱包

Web3j是一个很好用的工具，但是使用起来有点复杂，因此我写了一些使用示例，希望可以帮到各位。
本章主要钱包的相关操作。
完整示例代码仓库地址：web3j-eth-sample

依赖

Maven依赖

	<!--web3j-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.web3j</groupId>
      <artifactId>core</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.0</version>
    </dependency>

常量类 CommonConstant.java

public class CommonConstant {
    public static final int PRIVATE_KEY_RADIX = 16;
    public static final int SIGNATURE_BYTE_LENGTH = 65;
    public static final int V_INDEX = 64;
    public static final int V_BASE = 27;
    public static final int V_LOWER_BOUND = 27;
    public static final int R_START_INDEX = 0;
    public static final int R_END_INDEX = 32;
    public static final int S_START_INDEX = 32;
    public static final int S_END_INDEX = 64;
    public static final String ADDRESS_PREFIX = "0x";
}

示例

生成随机钱包

	/**
     * Generates a random Ethereum private key.
     *
     * @return A randomly generated private key in hexadecimal format.
     * @throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException If the cryptographic algorithm parameters are invalid.
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException If the cryptographic algorithm is not available.
     * @throws NoSuchProviderException If the security provider is not available.
     */
    public static String createRandomPrivateKey() throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchProviderException {
        // Generate a random ECKeyPair (contains both private and public keys)
        ECKeyPair ecKeyPair = Keys.createEcKeyPair();
        // Return the private key as a hexadecimal string
        return ecKeyPair.getPrivateKey().toString(CommonConstant.PRIVATE_KEY_RADIX);
    }

根据私钥获取钱包地址

	/**
     * Generates an Ethereum wallet address from a given private key.
     *
     * @param privateKeyHex The private key in hexadecimal format.
     * @return The generated Ethereum wallet address (starting with "0x").
     */
    public static String getWalletAddressFromPrivateKeyHex(String privateKeyHex) {
        // Convert the private key from hexadecimal format to BigInteger
        BigInteger privateKey = new BigInteger(privateKeyHex, CommonConstant.PRIVATE_KEY_RADIX);
        // Create an ECKeyPair object (contains both private and public keys)
        ECKeyPair keyPair = ECKeyPair.create(privateKey);
        // Generate a wallet address from the public key and return it with "0x" prefix
        return CommonConstant.ADDRESS_PREFIX + Keys.getAddress(keyPair.getPublicKey());
    }

判断钱包地址是否合法

	/**
     * Validates whether a given Ethereum wallet address is in a correct format.
     *
     * @param address The Ethereum wallet address (should start with "0x").
     * @return True if the address is valid, false otherwise.
     */
    public static boolean isValidAddress(String address) {
        return WalletUtils.isValidAddress(address);
    }

判断私钥是否合法

	/**
     * Validates whether a given private key is valid.
     *
     * @param privateKey The private key in hexadecimal format.
     * @return True if the private key is valid, false otherwise.
     */
    public static boolean isValidPrivateKey(String privateKey) {
        return WalletUtils.isValidPrivateKey(privateKey);
    }

完整代码

Wallet.java

import org.web3j.crypto.ECKeyPair;
import org.web3j.crypto.Keys;
import org.web3j.crypto.WalletUtils;

import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.NoSuchProviderException;

public class Wallet {

    /**
     * Generates a random Ethereum private key.
     *
     * @return A randomly generated private key in hexadecimal format.
     * @throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException If the cryptographic algorithm parameters are invalid.
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException If the cryptographic algorithm is not available.
     * @throws NoSuchProviderException If the security provider is not available.
     */
    public static String createRandomPrivateKey() throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchProviderException {
        // Generate a random ECKeyPair (contains both private and public keys)
        ECKeyPair ecKeyPair = Keys.createEcKeyPair();
        // Return the private key as a hexadecimal string
        return ecKeyPair.getPrivateKey().toString(CommonConstant.PRIVATE_KEY_RADIX);
    }

    /**
     * Generates an Ethereum wallet address from a given private key.
     *
     * @param privateKeyHex The private key in hexadecimal format.
     * @return The generated Ethereum wallet address (starting with "0x").
     */
    public static String getWalletAddressFromPrivateKeyHex(String privateKeyHex) {
        // Convert the private key from hexadecimal format to BigInteger
        BigInteger privateKey = new BigInteger(privateKeyHex, CommonConstant.PRIVATE_KEY_RADIX);
        // Create an ECKeyPair object (contains both private and public keys)
        ECKeyPair keyPair = ECKeyPair.create(privateKey);
        // Generate a wallet address from the public key and return it with "0x" prefix
        return CommonConstant.ADDRESS_PREFIX + Keys.getAddress(keyPair.getPublicKey());
    }

    /**
     * Validates whether a given Ethereum wallet address is in a correct format.
     *
     * @param address The Ethereum wallet address (should start with "0x").
     * @return True if the address is valid, false otherwise.
     */
    public static boolean isValidAddress(String address) {
        return WalletUtils.isValidAddress(address);
    }

    /**
     * Validates whether a given private key is valid.
     *
     * @param privateKey The private key in hexadecimal format.
     * @return True if the private key is valid, false otherwise.
     */
    public static boolean isValidPrivateKey(String privateKey) {
        return WalletUtils.isValidPrivateKey(privateKey);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchProviderException {
        // Generate a random private key
        String privateKeyHex = Wallet.createRandomPrivateKey();

        // Generate a wallet address from the private key
        String walletAddress = Wallet.getWalletAddressFromPrivateKeyHex(privateKeyHex);

        // Print the generated private key and wallet address
        System.out.println("The wallet address of [" + privateKeyHex + "] is: [" + walletAddress + "]");

        // Validate if the generated wallet address is correct
        System.out.println("The wallet address [" + walletAddress + "] is " + (Wallet.isValidAddress(walletAddress) ? "valid" : "not valid"));

        // Validate if the generated private key is correct
        System.out.println("The private key [" + privateKeyHex + "] is " + (Wallet.isValidPrivateKey(privateKeyHex) ? "valid" : "not valid"));
    }
}

以上。