(1)使用如下命令安装 DNS服务器:
[root@mail ~]# yum -y install bind-chroot bind-utils
(2)启动DNS服务
[root@mail ~]# systemctl restart named
[root@mail ~]# systemctl status named
(3)查看端口是否启动
#netstat -lntp | grep named
(4)修改主服务器DNS的配置文件named.conf
域名解析服务Bind的程序名称叫做named,服务程序的配置文件如下:
数据配置文件目录 /var/named
主配置文件 /etc/named.conf
区域配置文件 /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
修改named.conf以下配置:
listen-on port 53 { any; }; // 监听所有的53号端口,此处可以根据需要设置需要监听的IP
also-notify { any;}; // 允许所有的查询
(5)配置正向解析与反向解析
● 正向解析:根据主机名(域名)查找对应的IP地址。
● 反向解析:根据IP地址查找对应的主机名
正向区域:
① 创建转发域:
拷贝模板文件named.localhost到testmail.com.zone,示例代码如下:
cp -rf /var/named/named.localhost /var/named/testmail.com.zone
② 编辑testmail.com.zone文件,示例代码如下:
#vi testmail.com.zone
③ 赋予test.com.zon所有权限,命令如下:
#chmod 777 testmail.com.zone
④ 修改区域配置文件/etc/named.rfc1912.zones
vi /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
#正向解析
zone “testmail.com” IN { // 定义zone文件,这里是定义的根域的文件位置
type master; #主dns解析
file “testmail.com.zone”; #定义区域解析库文件名字
};
⑤ 检查配置,如下所示:
#named-checkzone testmail.com testmail.com.zone
zone testmail.com/IN: loaded serial 0
OK
#named-checkconf /etc/named.conf
反向区域:
① 修改区域配置文件/etc/named.rfc1912.zones
vi /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
#反向解析
zone “56.168.192.in-addr.arpa” IN { //区域名称:是网络地址的反写.in-addr.arpa.
type master;
file “30.56.168.192.in-addr.local”;
};
② 配置30.56.168.192.in-addr.local:(不需要MX、A、AAAA,要有NS记录,以PTR记录为主。)
cp -p testmail.com.zone 30.56.168.192.in-addr.local
#vi 30.56.168.192.in-addr.local
#chmod 755 30.56.168.192.in-addr.local
③ 检查配置,如下所示:
#named-checkzone mail.testmail.com 30.56.168.192.in-addr.local
zone testmail.com/IN: loaded serial 0
OK
④ 重启生效配置:
#systemctl restart named
⑤ 添加/etc/resolv.conf域名服务器IP
#vi /etc/resolv.conf
Generated by NetworkManager
nameserver 192.168.100.40
nameserver 8.8.8.8
⑥ 测试DNS解析是否正常:
#ping www.testmail.com
PING www.testmail.com (192.168.100.30) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from www.testmail.com (192.168.100.30): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.337 ms
64 bytes from www.testmail.com (192.168.100.30): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.284 ms
64 bytes from www.testmail.com (192.168.100.30): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.474 ms
— www.testmail.com ping statistics —
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2003ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.284/0.365/0.474/0.080 ms