Socket小练习

本例实现了多客户端，当客户端a发送消息，按下回车后，所有的客户端均会收到a的消息。例子十分简单，做socket入门之用：
Myserver.java

package server;

import server.ServerThread;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class Myserver {
    //建立一个socket集合
    public static ArrayList<Socket> socketList = new ArrayList<Socket>();
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket  = new ServerSocket(30000);
        //循环用于不断接收客户端连接
        while(true){
            Socket s = serverSocket.accept();
            socketList.add(s);
            //对于每一个客户端都启动一个新的线程
            new Thread(new ServerThread(s)).start();
        }
    }
}

ServerThread.java

package server;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.Socket;

public class ServerThread implements Runnable{
    Socket socket = null;
    //该线程所处理的Socket 所对应的输入流
    BufferedReader br =null;

    public ServerThread(Socket s) throws IOException{
        this.socket= s;
        br  = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
    }

    public void run(){
        try {
            String content =null;
            while((content = readFromClient())!=null){
                for(Socket s:Myserver.socketList){
                    PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(s.getOutputStream());
                    ps.println(content);
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private String readFromClient() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        try {
            return br.readLine();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            Myserver.socketList.remove(socket);
        }
        return null;
    }

}

---

刚刚开始接触socket对socket的getInputStream( )和getOutputStream( )方法不够理解，查资料后，解析如下：

socket的输入流和输出流
socket提供了InputStream getInputStream( );
OutputStream getOutputStream( ) l两个方法来获取输入流和输出流。
在理解这两个方法之前，首先要理解InputStream 和OutputStream
将流想象成管道，输入流是从别人创建的管道（如客户端创建的管道）里读数据
输出流则是向管道（自己的管道）中放数据
那么socket.getInputStream( )方法意为获取输入流，
SocketThread.java 部分代码解析

br  = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));

先将客户端发送的数据以字节流的形式从管道中读出，然后用它初始化一个字符流，再用这个字符流初始化一个字符缓冲流；

PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(s.getOutputStream());
意为获取将socket的输出流作为PrintStream的输出流

ps.println(content);

content 定义为从客户端读取的数据，用PrintStream 打印输出。

---

Myclient.java

package client;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class MyClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
        Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 30000);
        //启动client 线程，不断读取来自服务器的消息
        new Thread(new ClientThread(socket)).start();
        //获取socket 对象对应的输出流
        PrintStream printStream =  new PrintStream(socket.getOutputStream());

        String line = null;
        //不断从键盘读取输入
        BufferedReader bReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

        while((line = bReader.readLine())!=null)
            printStream.println(line);
    }

}

ClientThread.java

package client;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;

public class ClientThread implements Runnable {
    private Socket socket;
    private BufferedReader bf;

    public ClientThread(Socket socket) throws IOException {
        this.socket = socket;

        // ??inputStreamReader
        this.bf = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        try {
            String content = null;
            while((content = bf.readLine())!=null)
                System.out.println(content);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

以上代码均测试通过
下一篇将会详细剖析 InputStream 、 InputStreamReader和BufferedReader