本文介绍SpringMVC的验证(validation),在Convert一文中,我们知道SpringMVC能很方便的将提交的参数转成(convert)自定义的JavaBean,现在加入对JavaBean的验证,比如要求JavaBean的属性number(private Integer number)不允许为null且最大为5,属性date(private Date date)满足时间是未来的(今天以后的日期)。为此,pom.xml中需要添加两个依赖:
<!-- JSR 303 with Hibernate Validator --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.validation</groupId> <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId> <version>1.0.0.GA</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> <version>4.1.0.Final</version> </dependency>
javax.validation.validation-api-1.0.0.GA.jar是一个标准,只有接口方法(以javax开头的包一般都是接口包,业界定义的一些标准,比如servlet-api-2.5.jar中的javax.servlet.HttpServletRequest),还有一个是Hibernate提供的实现包org.hibernate.hibernate-validator-4.1.0.Final。
增加一个Controller,ValidationController:
package org.springframework.samples.mvc.validation;
import javax.validation.Valid;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class ValidationController {
// enforcement of constraints on the JavaBean arg require a JSR-303 provider on the classpath
@RequestMapping("/validate")
public @ResponseBody String validate(@Valid JavaBean bean, BindingResult result) {
if (result.hasErrors()) {
return "Object has validation errors";
} else {
return "No errors";
}
}
}
和一个JavaBean:
package org.springframework.samples.mvc.validation;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.validation.constraints.Future;
import javax.validation.constraints.Max;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat.ISO;
public class JavaBean {
@NotNull
@Max(5)
private Integer number;
@NotNull
@Future
@DateTimeFormat(iso=ISO.DATE)
private Date date;
public Integer getNumber() {
return number;
}
public void setNumber(Integer number) {
this.number = number;
}
public Date getDate() {
return date;
}
public void setDate(Date date) {
this.date = date;
}
}
@NotNull、@Future就是javax.validation.validation-api-1.0.0.GA.jar中定义的注解,满足之前说到的需求。
ValidationController的validate方法绑定了一个参数BindingResult result,通过这个变量就可以得到具体的验证信息,比如在validate方法中,如果验证不通过(result.hasErrors()),返回给浏览器文本"Object has validation errors"。
1. 访问"http://localhost:8080/web/validate",浏览器显示"Object has validation errors",number和date不能为空;
2. 访问"http://localhost:8080/web/validate?number=1",浏览器显示"Object has validation errors",date不能为空;
3. 访问"http://localhost:8080/web/validate?number=1&date=2012-03-31",浏览器显示"Object has validation errors",非今天以后的日期;
4. 访问"http://localhost:8080/web/validate?number=1&date=2012-04-01",浏览器显示"No errors";
5. 访问"http://localhost:8080/web/validate?number=6&date=2012-04-01",浏览器显示"Object has validation errors",number不能大于5;