IOS SDK自带的XML解析库 libxml2使用方法如下:
准备工作:
1、Xcode4.3.2,新建测试应用libxmltest。
2、把libxml包添加到项目中去。
3、PROJECT=>Build Setting => Searche Paths=>Header Search Paths:把这个拷贝进去${SDKROOT}/usr/include/libxml2。
4、PROJECT=>Build Setting =>Linking => OTHER_LDFLAGS:把这个拷贝进去-lxml2。
一、使用libxml读XML文件
要读xml,需要使用reader,这里介绍两种方式,一种从文件读取,一种从内存读取。其它就是通过libxml库中提供的两个API来建立reader.请看代码:
1、从文件建立reader
xmlTextReaderPtr reader = xmlNewTextReaderFilename(xmlfile);
2、从内存建立reader
// char* memory, int size
xmlTextReaderPtr reader = xmlReaderForMemory(const char *buffer, int size, const char *URL, const char *encoding, int options);
3、从reader中读数据
建立了reader之后,我们就可以通过reader的辅助函数来实现xml数据的读取。在这里,我讲述的是如何读一个文本方式的XML,并没有使用XML的专有模型。这种方式最原始,也是最容易理解的。
要读一个reader中的数据,使用xmlTextReaderRead来读一个元素,XML中的每一个元素都会经过reader依次读取,我们可以根据需要来检查当前reader位置的元素类型,并取出数据为已所用,当然还要释放由reader分配的数据空间。下面来看一下读的例子:
ret = xmlTextReaderRead(reader);
if (ret == 0) return 0;
if (ret != 1) return -2;
element = xmlTextReaderName(reader);
if (element != NULL)
{
ntype = xmlTextReaderNodeType(reader);
if (strcmp((const char*) element, "param-name") == 0)
{
xmlFree(element);
if (XML_READER_TYPE_ELEMENT == ntype)
{
/*......*/
}
}
}
xmlTextReaderRead需要一个参数,就是我们前面进行的一个文本读取器指针,该函数返回1表示成功读取,0表示到达文件尾。当成功读取时,可能使用xmlTextReaderName读取当前位置的元素数据,并可以通过xmlTextTextReaderNodeType来读取XML元素的类型。
/**
* xmlReaderTypes:
*
* Predefined constants for the different types of nodes.
*/
typedef enum {
XML_READER_TYPE_NONE = 0,
XML_READER_TYPE_ELEMENT = 1,
XML_READER_TYPE_ATTRIBUTE = 2,
XML_READER_TYPE_TEXT = 3,
XML_READER_TYPE_CDATA = 4,
XML_READER_TYPE_ENTITY_REFERENCE = 5,
XML_READER_TYPE_ENTITY = 6,
XML_READER_TYPE_PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION = 7,
XML_READER_TYPE_COMMENT = 8,
XML_READER_TYPE_DOCUMENT = 9,
XML_READER_TYPE_DOCUMENT_TYPE = 10,
XML_READER_TYPE_DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT = 11,
XML_READER_TYPE_NOTATION = 12,
XML_READER_TYPE_WHITESPACE = 13,
XML_READER_TYPE_SIGNIFICANT_WHITESPACE = 14,
XML_READER_TYPE_END_ELEMENT = 15,
XML_READER_TYPE_END_ENTITY = 16,
XML_READER_TYPE_XML_DECLARATION = 17
} xmlReaderTypes;
reader支持如上类型,我们可以根据当前类型来读取数据,因为不现的类型,读取数据的方式不同,比如xmlTextReaderReadString只能读元素(XML_READER_TYPE_ELEMENT)的名称或者文件类型(XML_READER_TYPE_TEXT)的数据。注意一点就是reader是按顺序读取每一个元素,在写代码时,应该不要假定后面一定是什么元素或者特定类型,应该去检测,保证软件的稳定性。
使用xmlTextReaderReadString返回一个元素(xmlChar*类型)时,该区域是由库分配的内存区域,需要使用xmlFree来释放,不然就有内存泄漏。
4、读xml的reader的释放与清理
xmlTextReaderClose(reader);
xmlFreeTextReader(reader);
xmlDictCleanup();
xmlCleanupParser();
xmlMemoryDump();
xmlCleanupCharEncodingHandlers();
有一个xmlTextReaderClose函数,当使用该函数时,要注意顺序,一定要在xmlFreeTextReader之前,不然就会出现错误。
二、例子
- self.nsData(NSData数据类型) = [theRequest responseData];//通过网络(WebService等接口获取的XML数据)
- xmlTextReaderPtr reader = xmlReaderForMemory ([self.nsData bytes], [self.nsData length], nil, nil, (XML_PARSE_NOENT|XML_PARSE_NOBLANKS | XML_PARSE_NOCDATA | XML_PARSE_NOERROR | XML_PARSE_NOWARNING)); //创建Reader
- if (!reader) {
- NSLog(@"Failed to load xmlreader");
- }
- NSString *currentTagName = nil;
- NSString *currentTagValue = nil;
- NSString *parentTagName = nil;
- bool itemStarted = false;
- char* temp;
- while (true) {
- if (!xmlTextReaderRead(reader))
- break;
- int type = xmlTextReaderNodeType(reader);
- switch (type) {
- case XML_READER_TYPE_END_ELEMENT:
- temp = (char*)xmlTextReaderConstName(reader);
- currentTagName = [NSString stringWithCString:temp
- encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
- if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"userInfo"]) {
- itemStarted = false;
- [self operateCompUser:compUser];//处理解析的数据
- [compUser release];
- compUser = [[CompUser alloc]init];
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"groupInfo"]) {
- itemStarted = false;
- [self operateCompDept:compDept]; //处理解析的数据
- [compDept release];
- compDept = [[CompDept alloc]init];
- }
- continue;
- case XML_READER_TYPE_ELEMENT:
- temp = (char*)xmlTextReaderConstName(reader);
- currentTagName = [NSString stringWithCString:temp
- encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
- if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"userInfo"]||[currentTagName isEqualToString:@"groupInfo"]) {
- parentTagName = currentTagName;
- itemStarted = true;
- }
- continue;
- case XML_READER_TYPE_TEXT:
- if(itemStarted == false)
- continue;
- temp = (char*)xmlTextReaderConstValue(reader);
- currentTagValue = [NSString stringWithCString:temp
- encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
- if ([parentTagName isEqualToString:@"userInfo"]) {
- if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"operateType"]) {
- compUser.operateType=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"uid"]) {
- compUser.uId=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"cn"]) {
- compUser.cn=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"mobile"]) {
- compUser.mobile=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"telephoneNumber"]) {
- compUser.telephoneNumber=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"departmentNumber"]) {
- compUser.departmentNumber=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"deptName"]) {
- compUser.deptName=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"coName"]) {
- compUser.coName=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"coNo"]) {
- compUser.coNo=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"cuOrder"]) {
- compUser.cuOrder=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"cuMail"]) {
- compUser.cuMail=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"cuAllShow"]) {
- compUser.cuAllShow=currentTagValue;
- }
- }
- if ([parentTagName isEqualToString:@"groupInfo"]) {
- if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"operateType"]) {
- compDept.operateType=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"ou"]) {
- compDept.ou=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"name"]) {
- compDept.name=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"upId"]) {
- compDept.upId=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"cuCompanyNumber"]) {
- compDept.cuCompanyNumber=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"cuAllShow"]) {
- compDept.cuAllShow=currentTagValue;
- }
- else if ([currentTagName isEqualToString:@"cuOrder"]) {
- compDept.cuOrder=currentTagValue;
- }
- }
- //self.nsCompData(NSData) = [currentTagValue dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
- currentTagValue = nil;
- currentTagName = nil;
- continue;
- case XML_READER_TYPE_ATTRIBUTE:
- default:
- continue;
- }
- }
- reader = nil;
- }
XML数据格式如下:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <info>
- <userTotal>37</userTotal>
- <groupInfo>
- <operateType>add</operateType>
- <ou>33491028635</ou>
- <name>XXX</name>
- <upId>XXXX</upId>
- <cuCompanyNumber>XXXX</cuCompanyNumber>
- <cuAllShow>TRUE</cuAllShow>
- <cuOrder>999</cuOrder>
- </groupInfo>
- <userInfo>
- <operateType>add</operateType>
- <uid>sd-shen</uid>
- <cn>某某某</cn>
- <departmentNumber>33491055</departmentNumber>
- <deptName>XXXXX</deptName>
- <coNo>33491</coNo>
- <coName>XXXXXXX</coName>
- <cuOrder>999</cuOrder>
- <mobile>15655552211</mobile>
- <cuMail>XXX@XXX.cn</cuMail>
- <cuAllShow>TRUE</cuAllShow>
- </userInfo>
- </info>