Feign介绍

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-07 00:15:00 发布

stormkai

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-07 00:15:00 发布

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分类专栏： Spring/SpringBoot/SpringCloud 文章标签： java spring 开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/stormkai/article/details/125705017

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文章目录

Feign介绍
1. Feign的使用
2. Feign底层客户端的实现
3. Feign性能优化
4. 简单SpringCloudAlibaba工程介绍
- 4.1 结构
- 4.2 介绍

Feign介绍

以下提到的Fegin指的都是OpenFeign

Feign是一个声明式的http客户端，作用就是帮助我们更快捷，优雅的调用http接口。

1. Feign的使用

在pom.xml文件中引入feign的依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>

在启动类上添加注解@EnableFeignClients

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProductServiceApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProductServiceApplication.class, args);
    }
}

配置Feign接口

@FeignClient(value = "auth-service", path = "/auth")
public interface AuthFeignService {

    @GetMapping(value = "/echo/{string}")
    public String echo(@PathVariable String string);
}

在controller调用Feign

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/product")
public class ProductController {

    @Autowired
    private AuthFeignService authFeignService;

    @GetMapping(value = "/echo/{string}")
    public String echo(@PathVariable String string){
        String str = authFeignService.echo(string);
        return str;
    }
}

2. Feign底层客户端的实现

URLConnection Feign的默认实现，不支持连接池
Apache HttpClient 支持连接池
OKHttp 支持连接池

3. Feign性能优化

Feign性能主要包括：

使用带连接池的http请求替代默认的URLConnection
日志级别，用打印最少的（basic或者none）

3.1 使用连接池替代的URLConnection

pom.xml中引入Apache的HttpClient依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
    <artifactId>feign-httpclient</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置连接池

在yml文件中添加如下配置：

feign:
  client:
    config:
      default: #这里用default就是全局配置，如果写服务名称，则是针对某个微服务的配置
        loggerLevel: BASIC
  httpclient:
    enabled: true #开启feign对httpClient的支持
    max-connections: 200 #最大的连接数
    max-connections-per-route: 50 #每个路径的最大连接数

3.2 Feign的日志

Feign的日志级别分为四种：

NONE：不记录任何日志信息，这是默认值。
BASIC：仅记录请求的方法，URL以及响应状态码和执行时间
HEADERS：在BASIC的基础上，额外记录了请求和响应的头信息
FULL：记录所有请求和响应的明细，包括头信息、请求体、元数据

3.2.1 配置（yml）方式控制日志

全局配置，针对所有服务

feign:
  client:
    config:
      default: #这里用default就是全局配置，如果写服务名称，则是针对某个微服务的配置
        loggerLevel: BASIC

针对单个服务

feign:
  client:
    config:
      product-service: #是针对产品微服务的配置
        loggerLevel: BASIC

3.2.2 Java代码方式控制日志

public class DefaultFeignConfiguration  {
    @Bean
    public Logger.Level feignLogLevel(){
        return Logger.Level.BASIC; // 日志级别为BASIC
    }
}

全局有效：在启动类注解@EnableFeignClients中修改

@EnableFeignClients(defaultConfiguration = FeignClientsConfiguration.class)

局部有效：修改对应的@FeignClient

@FeignClient(value = "auth-service", path = "/auth", configuration = AuthFeignService.class)

4. 简单SpringCloudAlibaba工程介绍

4.1 结构

在这里插入图片描述

4.2 介绍

springcloud-alibaba上的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.stormkai</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>auth</module>
        <module>product</module>
    </modules>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.7.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Hoxton.SR12</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

auth的pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.stormkai</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>auth</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

auth的application.yml

server:
  port: 8721

spring:
  application:
    name: auth-service
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 192.168.31.161:8848
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

auth的启动类AuthServiceApplication

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class AuthServiceApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(AuthServiceApplication.class, args);
    }
}

auth的controller类AuthController

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/auth")
public class AuthController {

    @GetMapping(value = "/echo/{string}")
    public String echo(@PathVariable String string) {
        return "Hello Nacos Discovery " + string;
    }

}

product的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.stormkai</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>product</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--httpClient的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
            <artifactId>feign-httpclient</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

product的application.yml

server:
  port: 8722

spring:
  application:
    name: product-service
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 192.168.31.161:8848
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'
feign:
  client:
    config:
      default: #这里用default就是全局配置，如果写服务名称，则是针对某个微服务的配置
        loggerLevel: BASIC
  httpclient:
    enabled: true #开启feign对httpClient的支持
    max-connections: 200 #最大的连接数
    max-connections-per-route: 50 #每个路径的最大连接数

product的启动类ProductServiceApplication

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProductServiceApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProductServiceApplication.class, args);
    }
}

product的Feign接口的service，AuthFeignService

@FeignClient(value = "auth-service", path = "/auth")
public interface AuthFeignService {

    @GetMapping(value = "/echo/{string}")
    public String echo(@PathVariable String string);
}

product的controller类ProductController

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/product")
public class ProductController {

    @Autowired
    private AuthFeignService authFeignService;

    @GetMapping(value = "/echo/{string}")
    public String echo(@PathVariable String string){
        String str = authFeignService.echo(string);
        return str;
    }
}