这篇文章旨在组织一个‘研究用术语表’,或者作为对密码学注释的链接的一次组织的收集。参考 密码学主题列表获取按字母顺序排列的密码学 文章列表。
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传统密码学
著名的密文
对传统密码学的攻击
现代算法,方法评估与选择工程
标准机构
- the Federal Information Processing Standards Publication program (run by NIST to produce standards in many areas to guide operations of the US Federal government; many FIPS Pubs are cryptography related, ongoing)
- the ANSI standardization process (produces many standards in many areas; some are cryptography related, ongoing)
- ISO standardization process (produces many standards in many areas; some are cryptography related, ongoing)
- IEEE standardization process (produces many standards in many areas; some are cryptography related, ongoing)
- IETF standardization process (produces many standards (called RFCs) in many areas; some are cryptography related, ongoing)
See Cryptography standards
加密组织
- NSA internal evaluation/selections (surely extensive, nothing is publicly known of the process or its results for internal use; NSA is charged with assisting NIST in its cryptographic responsibilities)
- GCHQ internal evaluation/selections (surely extensive, nothing is publicly known of the process or its results for GCHQ use; a division of GCHQ is charged with developing and recommending cryptographic standards for the UK government)
- DSD Australian SIGINT agency - part of ECHELON
- Communications Security Establishment (CSE) — Canadian intelligence agency.
Open efforts
- the DES selection (NBS selection process, ended 1976)
- the RIPE division of the RACE project (sponsored by the European Union, ended mid-'80s)
- the AES competition (a 'break-off' sponsored by NIST; ended 2001)
- the NESSIE Project (evaluation/selection program sponsored by the European Union; ended 2002)
- the CRYPTREC program (Japanese government sponsored evaluation/recommendation project; draft recommendations published 2003)
- the Internet Engineering Task Force (technical body responsible for Internet standards -- the Request for Comment series: ongoing)
- the CrypTool project (eLearning programme in English and German; freeware; exhaustive educational tool about cryptography and cryptanalysis)
加密散列函数 (消息摘要算法,MD算法)
公/私钥签名算法
密碼鑑定
匿名认证系统
- GPS (NESSIE selection anonymous identification scheme; Ecole Normale Supérieure, France Télécom, & La Poste)
- 分组密码
- 分组密码操作模式
- 乘积密码
- Feistel cipher (由Horst Feistel提出的分组密码设计模式)
- Advanced Encryption Standard (分组长度为128位; NIST selection for the AES, FIPS 197, 2001 -- by Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen; NESSIE selection; CRYPTREC 推荐使用)
- Anubis (128-bit block)
- BEAR (由流密码和Hash函数构造的分组密码, by Ross Anderson)
- Blowfish (分组长度为128位; by Bruce Schneier, et al)
- Camellia (分组长度为128位; NESSIE selection (NTT & Mitsubishi Electric); CRYPTREC 推荐使用)
- CAST-128 (CAST5) (64 bit block; one of a series of algorithms by Carlisle Adams and Stafford Tavares, who are insistent (indeed, adamant) that the name is not due to their initials)
- CAST-256 (CAST6) (128位分组长度; CAST-128的后继者,AES的竞争者之一)
- CIPHERUNICORN-A (分组长度为128位; CRYPTREC 推荐使用)
- CIPHERUNICORN-E (64 bit block; CRYPTREC 推荐使用 (limited))
- CMEA — 在美国移动电话中使用的密码,被发现有弱点.
- CS-Cipher (64位分组长度)
- DES数字加密标准(64位分组长度; FIPS 46-3, 1976)
- DEAL — 由DES演变来的一种AES候选算法
- DES-X 一种DES变种,增加了密钥长度.
- FEAL
- GDES —一个DES派生,被设计用来提高加密速度.
- Grand Cru (128位分组长度)
- Hierocrypt-3 (128位分组长度; CRYPTREC 推荐使用))
- Hierocrypt-L1 (64位分组长度; CRYPTREC 推荐使用 (limited))
- International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA) (64位分组长度-- 苏黎世ETH的James Massey & X Lai)
- Iraqi Block Cipher (IBC)
- KASUMI (64位分组长度; 基于MISTY1, 被用于下一代W-CDMA cellular phone 保密)
- KHAZAD (64-bit block designed by Barretto and Rijmen)
- Khufu and Khafre (64位分组密码)
- LION (由流密码和Hash函数构造的分组密码, by Ross Anderson)
- LOKI89/91 (64位分组密码)
- LOKI97 (128位分组长度的密码, AES候选者)
- Lucifer (by Tuchman et al of IBM, early 1970s; modified by NSA/NBS and released as DES)
- MAGENTA (AES 候选者)
- Mars (AES finalist, by Don Coppersmith et al)
- MISTY1 (NESSIE selection 64-bit block; Mitsubishi Electric (Japan); CRYPTREC 推荐使用 (limited))
- MISTY2 (分组长度为128位: Mitsubishi Electric (Japan))
- Nimbus (64位分组)
- Noekeon (分组长度为128位)
- NUSH (可变分组长度(64 - 256位))
- Q (分组长度为128位)
- RC2 64位分组,密钥长度可变.
- RC6 (可变分组长度; AES finalist, by Ron Rivest et al)
- RC5 (by Ron Rivest)
- SAFER (可变分组长度)
- SC2000 (分组长度为128位; CRYPTREC 推荐使用)
- Serpent (分组长度为128位; AES finalist by Ross Anderson, Eli Biham, Lars Knudsen)
- SHACAL-1 (256-bit block)
- SHACAL-2 (256-bit block cypher; NESSIE selection Gemplus (France))
- Shark (grandfather of Rijndael/AES, by Daemen and Rijmen)
- Square (father of Rijndael/AES, by Daemen and Rijmen)
- 3-Way (96 bit block by Joan Daemen)
- TEA(小型加密算法)(by David Wheeler & Roger Needham)
- Triple DES (by Walter Tuchman, leader of the Lucifer design team -- not all triple uses of DES increase security, Tuchman's does; CRYPTREC 推荐使用 (limited), only when used as in FIPS Pub 46-3)
- Twofish (分组长度为128位; AES finalist by Bruce Schneier, et al)
- XTEA (by David Wheeler & Roger Needham)
- Hybrid code/cypher combinations
破译密码
弱密钥和基于口令的密码
密钥传输/交换
匿名通讯
法律问题
术语
书籍和出版物
密码学家
密码技术应用
杂项
免费/开源的密码系统(特指算法+协议+体制设计)
- PGP (a name for any of several related crypto systems, some of which, beginning with the acquisition of the name by Network Associates, have not been Free Software in the GNU sense)
- FileCrypt (an open source/commercial command line version of PGP from Veridis of Denmark, see PGP)
- GPG (an open source implementation of the OpenPGP IETF standard crypto system)
- SSH (Secure SHell implementing cryptographically protected variants of several common Unix utilities, First developed as open source in Finland by Tatu Ylonen. There is now OpenSSH, an open source implementation supporting both SSH v1 and SSH v2 protocols. There are also commercial implementations.
- IPsec (因特网协议安全IETF标准,IPv6 IETF 标准的必须的组成部分)
- Free S/WAN (IPsec的一种开源实现)en:Topics in cryptography
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