在说struts2之前当然要先下载好其框架了,官网有推荐
压缩包含:
apps:使用struts开发的一些demo
src:一个示例
docs:文档
lib:jar包
三种创建Action的方式
- 创建普通类,编写execute()方法
- 创建Action类,实现Action接口
- 创建Action类,继承ActionSupport类
示例一:
public class FirstAction {
public String execute()throws Exception{
System.out.println("in FirstAction method execute()");
return "success";
}
}
示例二:
public class SecondAction implements Action {
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("in SecondAction method execute()");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
示例三:
public class ThirdAction extends ActionSupport {
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("in ThirdAction method execute()");
return "success";
}
}
三种调用Action方法的方式
- 调用execute()方法响应客户端请求
- 动态方法调用
- 调用指定名字的方法响应客户端请求, 一个Action 类可包含多个方法,最好是3-5个
struts.xml
<!-- 动态方法盗用 -->
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<!-- 第一种调用方式,execute()方法,如后面有method="",则不调用默认execute().而调用
method指定的方法 -->
<action name="first" class="com.su.web.action.FirstAction">
<result type="dispatcher" name="success">/success.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="stu" class="com.su.web.action.StudentAction">
<result type="dispatcher" name="success">/success.jsp</result>
</action>
<!-- 第二种调用方式,动态调用 stu!addStudent,调用StudentAction类中的addStudent方法-->
<action name="addStu" class="com.su.web.action.StudentAction" method="addStudent">
<result type="dispatcher" name="success">/success.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="updateStu" class="com.su.web.action.StudentAction" method="updateStudent">
<result type="dispatcher" name="success">/success.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="deleteStu" class="com.su.web.action.StudentAction" method="deleteStudent">
<result type="dispatcher" name="success">/success.jsp</result>
</action>
<!-- 第三种调用方式,调用指定的方法 ,stu_addStudent,后面的{1}中为addStudent,也称为占位符调用-->
<action name="stu_*" class="com.su.web.action.StudentAction" method="{1}">
<result type="dispatcher" name="success">/success_{1}.jsp</result>
</action>
<!--
后缀有两个时,可往后加
<action name="stu_*_*" class="com.su.web.action.StudentAction" method="{1}_{2}">
<result type="dispatcher" name="success">/success_{1}_{2}.jsp</result>
</action>
-->
示例一:
<form action="first" method="post">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
示例二:
<form action="stu!addStudent" method="post">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
示例三:
form action="stu_addStudent" method="post">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
三种接收表单数据的方式
- Action的普通属性传参
- Action对象属性传参
- ModekDriven传参(缺点是只能由一个实体)
示例一:
public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {
//普通属性传参
private String userName;
private String userPwd;
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getUserPwd() {
return userPwd;
}
public void setUserPwd(String userPwd) {
this.userPwd = userPwd;
}
public String execute() throws Exception{
System.out.println("in execute!!!");
System.out.println(userName);
System.out.println(userPwd);
return "success";
}
}
示例二:
public class UserTwoAction extends ActionSupport{
//对象属性传参
private User user;
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public String execute() throws Exception{
System.out.println("in execute!!!");
System.out.println(user.getUserName());
System.out.println(user.getUserPwd());
ActionContext.getContext().put("message", "!!!密码或用户名错误!!!");
return "success";
}
public String userlogin() throws Exception{
System.out.println("in userlogin!!!");
System.out.println(user.getUserName());
System.out.println(user.getUserPwd());
if(user.getUserName().equals("susu") && user.getUserPwd().equals("1111")){
ActionContext.getContext().put("message", "!!!登录成功!!!");
return "success";
}
return "nextAction";
}
}
示例三:
//ModelDriven传参
private User user= new User();
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
//@Override
public User getModel() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return user;
}
public String userlogin() throws Exception{
System.out.println("in userlogin!!!");
System.out.println(user.getUserName());
System.out.println(user.getUserPwd());
return "success";
}
}
表单JSP页面
<body>
<form action="user_userlogin" method="post">
<!-- 普通属性传参 -->
<!-- 用户名:<input type="text" name="userName">
密 码:<input type="password" name="userPwd">
<input type="submit" value="登录">-->
<!-- 对象属性传参,表单元素的名字就是:Action的属性名.Action属性的属性名 -->
<!-- 用户名:<input type="text" name="user.userName">
密 码:<input type="password" name="user.userPwd">
<input type="submit" value="登录">-->
用户名:<input type="text" name="userName">
密 码:<input type="password" name="userPwd">
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
</body>
四种Action请求下一个资源的方法
- dispatcher转发,Action To JSP
- chain转发,Action To Action
- redirect重定向,Action To JSP
- redirectAction 重定向,Action To Action
PS:转发:在原JSP页面提交的用户名和密码之类的信息不丢失
重定向:则丢失
示例一:
<action name="userTwo" class="com.su.web.action.UserTwoAction" >
<result type="dispatcher" name="success">/indexRedict.jsp</result>
</action>
示例二:
<action name="userTwo_*" class="com.su.web.action.UserTwoAction" method="{1}">
<result type="chain" name="nextAction">userTwo</result>
<result type="dispatcher" name="success">/success_user.jsp</result>
</action>
示例三:
<action name="userTwo_*" class="com.su.web.action.UserTwoAction" method="{1}">
<result type="redirectAction" name="nextAction">userTwo</result>
<result type="redirect" name="success">/success_user.jsp</result>
</action>
Author:su1573