加速增量备份_enable_block_tracking

oracle 10.2以后对增量备份进行加速
查看是否激活增量备份加速的功能

SYS@orcl>select * from v$block_change_tracking;

STATUS	   FILENAME						   BYTES
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------
DISABLED   (null)					      (null)

激活增量备份加速的功能

SYS@orcl>alter database enable block change tracking;
alter database enable block change tracking
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-19773: must specify change tracking file name

加速的原理就是将0级增量备份之后改变过的数据块记录到一个文件里，这个报错就是这个文件需要指定一个目录

[oracle@oracle01 /tmp]$ mkdir block_change_tracking
SYS@orcl>alter database enable block change tracking using file '/tmp/block_change_tracking/change.ora';

Database altered.

这样就生成了一个文件

[oracle@oracle01 /tmp/block_change_tracking]$ ls
change.ora

再查看一下是否激活

SYS@orcl>select * from v$block_change_tracking;

STATUS	   FILENAME						   BYTES
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------
ENABLED    /tmp/block_change_tracking/change.ora		11599872

激活这个功能可能会对性能有一些影响，但是影响不会很大
0级的消耗时间不会有太大的变化，下面来验证一下
现在是没有激活加速

SYS@orcl>alter database disable block change tracking;

Database altered.
SYS@orcl>select * from v$block_change_tracking;

STATUS	   FILENAME						   BYTES
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------
DISABLED   (null)					      (null)

做一个0级备份

RMAN> backup incremental level=0 database;

Starting backup at 19-JAN-20
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
piece handle=/u01/app/fast_recovery_area/PROD/backupset/2020_01_19/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20200119T112245_h27lw5tv_.bkp tag=TAG20200119T112245 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
piece handle=/u01/app/fast_recovery_area/PROD/backupset/2020_01_19/o1_mf_ncsn0_TAG20200119T112245_h27lx9yq_.bkp tag=TAG20200119T112245 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 19-JAN-20

用时35秒
做点操作，要不然1级备份的时间太短，看不出分别
往t里插入了三条数据，并且都提交切换了日志

RMAN> backup incremental level=1 database;

Starting backup at 19-JAN-20
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
piece handle=/u01/app/fast_recovery_area/PROD/backupset/2020_01_19/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20200119T112712_h27m4j4z_.bkp tag=TAG20200119T112712 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
piece handle=/u01/app/fast_recovery_area/PROD/backupset/2020_01_19/o1_mf_ncsn1_TAG20200119T112712_h27m4n7n_.bkp tag=TAG20200119T112712 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 19-JAN-20

用时3秒
激活加速功能

SYS@orcl>alter database enable block change tracking using file '/tmp/block_change_tracking/change.ora';

Database altered.

SYS@orcl>select * from v$block_change_tracking;

STATUS	   FILENAME						   BYTES
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------
ENABLED    /tmp/block_change_tracking/change.ora		11599872
RMAN> backup incremental level=0 database;

Starting backup at 19-JAN-20
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
piece handle=/u01/app/fast_recovery_area/PROD/backupset/2020_01_19/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20200119T112946_h27m9bcq_.bkp tag=TAG20200119T112946 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
piece handle=/u01/app/fast_recovery_area/PROD/backupset/2020_01_19/o1_mf_ncsn0_TAG20200119T112946_h27mbggd_.bkp tag=TAG20200119T112946 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 19-JAN-20

0级增量备份用时35秒，激活该功能对0级增量备份没什么作用
还是插入三条数据，提交，切换日志

RMAN> backup incremental level=1 database;

Starting backup at 19-JAN-20
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oradata/prod/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
piece handle=/u01/app/fast_recovery_area/PROD/backupset/2020_01_19/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20200119T113244_h27mgwfg_.bkp tag=TAG20200119T113244 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-JAN-20
piece handle=/u01/app/fast_recovery_area/PROD/backupset/2020_01_19/o1_mf_ncsn1_TAG20200119T113244_h27mgyh1_.bkp tag=TAG20200119T113244 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 19-JAN-20

用时1秒，数据库太小，变化也很少，但是还是有区别，数据库上了规模差距会更大