ElasticSearch Windows集群下的Java API实现简单的CURD操作

一、环境说明

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1. Windows上部署三节点的集群，参考：ElasticSearch Windows集群安装部署
2. elasticsearch版本：7.8.0
3. 测试框架：JUnit

二、实现步骤

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1. 创建maven项目

2. 添加es相关依赖，依赖如下：

   <dependencies>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
           <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
           <version>7.8.0</version>
       </dependency>
       <!-- elasticsearch 的客户端 -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
           <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
           <version>7.8.0</version>
       </dependency>
       <!-- elasticsearch 依赖 2.x 的 log4j -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
           <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
           <version>2.8.2</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
           <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
           <version>2.8.2</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
           <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
           <version>2.9.9</version>
       </dependency>
       <!-- junit 单元测试 -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>junit</groupId>
           <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
           <version>4.12</version>
       </dependency>
   </dependencies>
   

3. 创建ESClientTest测试类，具体代码如下：

   package com.suben.es;
   
   import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
   import com.suben.es.entity.Student;
   import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
   import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.delete.DeleteIndexRequest;
   import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequest;
   import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse;
   import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteRequest;
   import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
   import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
   import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchRequest;
   import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
   import org.elasticsearch.action.support.master.AcknowledgedResponse;
   import org.elasticsearch.client.*;
   import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.CreateIndexRequest;
   import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.CreateIndexResponse;
   import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.GetIndexRequest;
   import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.GetIndexResponse;
   import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentType;
   import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
   import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit;
   import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHits;
   import org.elasticsearch.search.builder.SearchSourceBuilder;
   import org.junit.Test;
   
   import java.util.ArrayList;
   import java.util.List;
   
   public class ESClientTest {
   
       private static final String INDEX_NAME = "students";
   
       /**
        * 连接es集群中多个节点的写法：可以同时写明集群中所有的节点相关信息
        * @throws Exception
        */
       @Test
       public void testCreateIndex() throws Exception{
           RestHighLevelClient client =
                   new RestHighLevelClient(
                           RestClient.builder(
                                   new HttpHost("localhost", 1004, "http"),
                                   new HttpHost("localhost", 1005, "http"),
                                   new HttpHost("localhost", 1006, "http"))
                   );
           // 构造索引对象
           CreateIndexRequest index001 = new CreateIndexRequest(INDEX_NAME);
           // client创建索引
           CreateIndexResponse response = client.indices().create(index001, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
           // 查看下释放创建成功
           boolean acknowledged = response.isAcknowledged();
           // 输出执行结果
           System.out.println("创建索引：" + acknowledged);
   
           // 释放资源
           client.close();
       }
   
       @Test
       public void testGetIndex() throws Exception{
           RestHighLevelClient client =
                   new RestHighLevelClient(
                           RestClient.builder(
                                   new HttpHost("localhost", 1004, "http"),
                                   new HttpHost("localhost", 1005, "http"),
                                   new HttpHost("localhost", 1006, "http"))
                   );
           // 构造索引对象
           GetIndexRequest index001 = new GetIndexRequest(INDEX_NAME);
           // client创建索引
           GetIndexResponse response = client.indices().get(index001, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
           // 输出执行结果
           System.out.println("创建索引：" + response.getAliases());
           System.out.println("创建索引：" + response.getSettings());
           System.out.println("创建索引：" + response.getMappings());
   
           // 释放资源
           client.close();
       }
   
       /**
        * 连接es集群另外一种方式：可以只写其中某一台节点相关信息
        * @throws Exception
        */
       @Test
       public void testDeleteIndex() throws Exception{
           RestHighLevelClient client =
                   new RestHighLevelClient(
                           RestClient.builder(
                                   new HttpHost("localhost", 1004, "http"))
                   );
           // 构造索引对象
           DeleteIndexRequest index001 = new DeleteIndexRequest(INDEX_NAME);
           // client创建索引
           AcknowledgedResponse response = client.indices().delete(index001,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
           // 输出执行结果
           System.out.println("删除索引：" + response.isAcknowledged());
           // 释放资源
           client.close();
       }
   
       @Test
       public void testAddDocument() throws Exception{
           RestHighLevelClient client =
                   new RestHighLevelClient(
                           RestClient.builder(
                                   new HttpHost("localhost", 1004, "http"))
                   );
   
           // 新增文档请求对象
           IndexRequest indexRequest = new IndexRequest();
           // 设置索引及其唯一标识
           indexRequest.index(INDEX_NAME).id("1002");
   
           // 构造文档对象
           Student student = new Student("李云龙",34,"男");
           Student student2 = new Student("张三",34,"男");
           Student student3 = new Student("赵丽颖",34,"女");
   
           List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
           list.add(student);
           list.add(student2);
           list.add(student3);
   
           // 将User对象转成Json字符串
           ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
           String stuJson = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(student);
   
           // 设置文档数据为Student，格式为json
           indexRequest.source(stuJson,objectMapper.writeValueAsString(student2),objectMapper.writeValueAsString(student3),
                   XContentType.JSON);
   
           // 提交新增文档请求(同步模式)
           IndexResponse response = client.index(indexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
   
           // 输出执行结果
           System.out.println("新增文档：" + response);
           // 释放资源
           client.close();
       }
   
       @Test
       public void testBatchAddDocument() throws Exception{
           RestHighLevelClient client =
                   new RestHighLevelClient(
                           RestClient.builder(
                                   new HttpHost("localhost", 1004, "http"))
                   );
           // 创建批量请求对象
           BulkRequest bulkRequest = new BulkRequest();
   
           // 新增文档对象
           for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
               int uniqueId = 3000 + (i + 1);
               if (i % 2 == 0){
                   bulkRequest.add(new IndexRequest().index(INDEX_NAME).id(String.valueOf(uniqueId)).source(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(new Student("帅哥"+i + "号",28+i,"男")),XContentType.JSON));
               }else{
                   bulkRequest.add(new IndexRequest().index(INDEX_NAME).id(String.valueOf(uniqueId)).source(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(new Student("美女"+i + "号",18+i,"女")),XContentType.JSON));
               }
           }
   
           // 提交新增文档请求(同步模式)
           BulkResponse response = client.bulk(bulkRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
   
           // 输出执行结果
           System.out.println("批量新增文档时间：" + response.getTook());
           System.out.println("批量新增文档结果：" + response.getItems());
           // 释放资源
           client.close();
       }
   
       @Test
       public void testBatchDeleteDocument() throws Exception{
           RestHighLevelClient client =
                   new RestHighLevelClient(
                           RestClient.builder(
                                   new HttpHost("localhost", 1004, "http"))
                   );
           // 创建批量请求对象
           BulkRequest bulkRequest = new BulkRequest();
   
           // 新增文档对象
           for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
               int uniqueId = 2000 + (i + 1);
               bulkRequest.add(new DeleteRequest().id(String.valueOf(uniqueId)).index(INDEX_NAME));
           }
   
           // 提交新增文档请求(同步模式)
           BulkResponse response = client.bulk(bulkRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
   
           // 输出执行结果
           System.out.println("批量删除文档时间：" + response.getTook());
           System.out.println("批量删除文档结果：" + response.getItems());
           // 释放资源
           client.close();
       }
   
       @Test
       public void testQueryIndexDatas() throws Exception{
           RestHighLevelClient client =
                   new RestHighLevelClient(
                           RestClient.builder(
                                   new HttpHost("localhost", 1004, "http"))
                   );
           // 创建查询请求对象
           SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
           // 指定查询的索引
           searchRequest.indices(INDEX_NAME);
   
           // 构造查询索引的请求对象
           SearchSourceBuilder requestBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
           // 设置查询条件:查询所有,match_all
           requestBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
           // 设置显示的总条数，默认只显示10条
           requestBuilder.size(1000);
   
           // 设置查询请求对象条件，即requestBuilder
           searchRequest.source(requestBuilder);
   
           // 提交
           SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
   
           // 输出执行结果
           SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
           System.out.println("took:" + response.getTook());
           System.out.println("timeout:" + response.isTimedOut());
           System.out.println("total:" + hits.getTotalHits());
           System.out.println("MaxScore:" + hits.getMaxScore());
           System.out.println("hits========>>");
           for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
               //输出每条查询的结果信息
               System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
           }
           System.out.println("<<========");
   
           // 释放资源
           client.close();
       }
   }
   

   注意事项：由于es默认只显示命中的10条记录，故在代码中需要设置你想显示的总条数，如果不设置，在我的测试数据中总15条，代码执行后，只显示了十条，如下所示：
   

   故需要代码中修改下，上述代码中通过requestBuilder对象设置了1000条，,修改完成后，正常显示，如下：
   

4. 为了查看日志，可以在resources目录下添加log4j2.xml，内容如下：

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <Configuration status="WARN">
       <Appenders>
           <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
               <PatternLayout pattern="%d{YYYY-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%t] %-5p %c{1}:%L - %msg%n" />
           </Console>
   
           <RollingFile name="RollingFile" filename="log/test.log"
                        filepattern="${logPath}/%d{YYYYMMddHHmmss}-fargo.log">
               <PatternLayout pattern="%d{YYYY-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%t] %-5p %c{1}:%L - %msg%n" />
               <Policies>
                   <SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="10 MB" />
               </Policies>
               <DefaultRolloverStrategy max="20" />
           </RollingFile>
   
       </Appenders>
       <Loggers>
           <Root level="info">
               <AppenderRef ref="Console" />
               <AppenderRef ref="RollingFile" />
           </Root>
       </Loggers>
   </Configuration>