Android UI之菜单

 

Android UI之菜单

android中菜单分为三种，分别是，options menu 选项菜单，sub menu 子菜单，context menu 上下文菜单。下面分别举例演示这三种菜单：

 

新建一个android project，

options menu，第一种方法，通过xml定义选项菜单，在res文件夹中新建一个名为menu的文件夹，在其内新建一个options_menu.xml的文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >

 

    <item

        android:id="@+id/newFile"

        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"

        android:title="@string/newFile"

        />

    <!-- android:icon 设置菜单选项的图标

        android：title 设置菜单选项的标题 -->

    <item

        android:id="@+id/exit"

        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"

        android:title="@string/exit"

        />

 

</menu>

在MenuTestActivity1中：

package cn.sword.activity;

 

import android.app.Activity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.Menu;

import android.view.MenuInflater;

import android.view.MenuItem;

import android.view.MenuItem.OnMenuItemClickListener;

import android.widget.Toast;

 

public class MenuTestActivity1 extends Activity implements OnMenuItemClickListener{

    /** Called when the activity is first created. */

    @Override

    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.main);

       

    }

 

        @Override

        public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {

               MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();

               inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu);

               //第一种响应菜单点击事件的方法

               //为每一个菜单选项添加监听事件

               //在覆盖的onMenuItemClick（）方法中判断并触发监听事件

               for(int i=0;i<menu.size();i++){

                       menu.getItem(i).setOnMenuItemClickListener((OnMenuItemClickListener) this);

               }

 

               return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);

        }

 

        /*第二种响应菜单点击事件的方法覆盖onOptionsItemSelected（）方法

        @Override

        public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {

               switch(item.getItemId()){

                       case R.id.newFile:

                               Toast.makeText(this,"new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                               break;

                       case R.id.exit:

                               this.finish();//退出程序

                               break;

               }

              

               return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);

        }*/

       

        public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item){

               switch(item.getItemId()){

               case R.id.newFile:

                       Toast.makeText(this, "new File", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                       break;

               case R.id.exit:

                       this.finish();

               }

              

               return false;

        }

   

}

 

在模拟器中点击Menu键效果：

 

options menu，第二种方法，动态添加删除菜单

在MenuTestActivity2中：

package cn.class3g.activity;

 

import android.app.Activity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.Menu;

import android.view.MenuInflater;

import android.view.MenuItem;

import android.widget.Toast;

 

public class MenuTestActivity2 extends Activity {

        //定义菜单项

        private static final int SAVE=1;

        private static final int SAVE_AS = SAVE+1;

        private static final int DELETE = SAVE+2;

        //声明一个menu对象

        Menu menu = null;

 

        public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

               super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

               setContentView(R.layout.main);

        }

 

        public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {

               MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();

               inflater.inflate(R.menu.options_menu, menu);

              

               //向菜单中添加菜单项

               menu.add(1, SAVE, 1, "保存");

               menu.add(1,SAVE_AS, 2, "另存为");

               menu.add(1,DELETE, 3, "删除保存");

               //设置菜单项的图标

               menu.findItem(SAVE).setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); 

              

               this.menu = menu;

 

               return true;

        }

       

        //动态的修改菜单title

        int i=1;

        public boolean onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {

               MenuItem item = menu.findItem(SAVE_AS);

               item.setTitle(item.getTitle() + "" + i);

               i++;

               return super.onPrepareOptionsMenu(menu);

        }

        //响应菜单单击事件

        public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {

               switch (item.getItemId()) {

               case R.id.newFile:

                       Toast.makeText(this, "new file", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();//利用Toast弹出文本信息

                       break;

               case R.id.exit:

                       // Toast.makeText(this, "exit", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                       this.finish();//关闭Activity

                       break;

               case DELETE:

                       //menu.removeGroup(1);//删除一组菜单

                       menu.removeItem(SAVE_AS);//删除一个菜单

                       break;

               }

               return true;

        }

}

sub menu 子菜单

利用xml定义菜单参考options menu。

动态的添加子菜单：

在MenuTestActivity3中：

package cn.sword.activity;

 

import android.app.Activity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.Menu;

import android.view.MenuInflater;

import android.view.MenuItem;

import android.view.SubMenu;

import android.widget.Toast;

 

public class MenuTestActivity3 extends Activity {

        //定义菜单项

        private static final int SUBMENU = 10;

        private static final int SUBITEM1 = SUBMENU+1;

        private static final int SUBITEM2 = SUBMENU+2;

        private static final int SUBITEM3 = SUBMENU+3;

       

        @Override

        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

               super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

               this.setContentView(R.layout.main);

        }

       

        public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu){

               MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();

               inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu);

               //添加子菜单

               SubMenu subMenu = menu.addSubMenu(1,SUBMENU,1,"子菜单");

               subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM1,1,"subitem1");

               subMenu.add(20,SUBITEM2,2,"subitem2");

               subMenu.add(30,SUBITEM3,3,"subitem3");

              

               subMenu.setGroupCheckable(20, true, false);

               //第二个参数是否可选

               //当第三个参数为true时为这组菜单为互斥（单选）菜单

               //当第三个参数为false时为组菜单为复选菜单

              

               MenuItem item = subMenu.getItem(0);

               //item.setCheckable(false);//设置该项菜单为单选或复选

               item.setChecked(true);//设置菜单的默认选项

 

               //subMenu.getItem(0).setCheckable(true);

              

               return true;

        }

       

        @Override

        public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {

               switch(item.getItemId()){

                       case R.id.menuitem1:

                               Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                               break;

                       case R.id.menuitem2:

                               Toast.makeText(this,"menuitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                               break;

                       case R.id.subitem1:

                               Toast.makeText(this,"subitem1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                               break;

                       case R.id.subitem2:

                               Toast.makeText(this,"subitem2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                               break;

                       case SUBITEM1:

                               Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM1", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                               break;

                       case SUBITEM2:

                               Toast.makeText(this,"SUBITEM2", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                               //this.finish();//退出程序

                               break;

               }

              

               return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);

        }

}

在模拟器中点击Menu键：

单击子菜单：

 

context menu 上下文菜单：context menu需要绑定在TextView上并在其上按2s后显示。

在MenuTestActivity4中：

package cn.sword.activity;

 

import android.app.Activity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.ContextMenu;

import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo;

import android.view.MenuInflater;

import android.view.MenuItem;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.TextView;

import android.widget.Toast;

 

public class MenuTestActivity4 extends Activity {

        @Override

        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

               super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

               this.setContentView(R.layout.main);

               //将上下文菜单绑定到TextView上

               TextView tv = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.textView);

               this.registerForContextMenu(tv);

        }

 

        @Override

        public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) {

               switch(item.getItemId()){

                       case R.id.subitem1:

                               Toast.makeText(this, "subitem1",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                               break;

                       case R.id.subitem2:

                               Toast.makeText(this, "subitem2",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                               break;

               }

               return super.onContextItemSelected(item);

        }

 

        //每次上下文菜单显示都会调用

        public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v,

                       ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {

              

               MenuInflater inflater = this.getMenuInflater();

               inflater.inflate(R.menu.sub_menu, menu);

               super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);

        }

}

运行模拟器，点击文本内容2s后：