下一版本的rapid-framework需要集成spring RESTful URL。最近JavaEye的badqiu对于如何搭建spring RESTful URL进行了研究,并总结问题如下。
springmvc 3.0 中增加 RESTful URL功能,构造出类似javaeye现在的URL。比如如下URL
- /blog/ 1 HTTP GET => 得到id = 1 的blog
- /blog/ 1 HTTP DELETE => 删除 id = 1 的blog
- /blog/ 1 HTTP PUT => 更新id = 1 的blog
- /blog HTTP POST => 新增BLOG
以下详细解一下spring rest使用.
首先,我们带着如下两个问题查看本文。
1. 如何在java构造没有扩展名的RESTful url,如 /forms/1,而不是 /forms/1.do
2. 浏览器的form标签不支持提交delete,put请求,如何曲线解决
springmvc rest 实现
springmvc的resturl是通过@RequestMapping 及@PathVariable annotation提供的,通过如@RequestMapping(value="/blog /{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)即可处理/blog/1 的delete请求.
- @RequestMapping (value= "/blog/{id}" ,method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
- public ModelAndView delete( @PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
- blogManager.removeById(id);
- return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
- }
@RequestMapping @PathVariable如果URL中带参数,则配合使用,如
- @RequestMapping (value= "/blog/{blogId}/message/{msgId}" ,method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
- public ModelAndView delete( @PathVariable ( "blogId" ) Long blogId, @PathVariable ( "msgId" ) Long msgId,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
- }
spring rest配置指南
1. springmvc web.xml配置
- < !-- 该servlet为tomcat,jetty等容器提供,将静态资源映射从/改为/static/目录,如原来访问 http://localhost/foo.css ,现在http://localhost/static/foo.css -- >
- < servlet-mapping >
- < servlet-name > default < /servlet-name >
- < url-pattern > /static/* < /url-pattern >
- < /servlet-mapping >
- < servlet >
- < servlet-name > springmvc < /servlet-name >
- < servlet-class > org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet < /servlet-class >
- < load-on-startup > 1 < /load-on-startup >
- < /servlet >
- < !-- URL重写filter,用于将访问静态资源http://localhost/foo.css 转为http://localhost/static/foo.css -- >
- < filter >
- < filter-name > UrlRewriteFilter < /filter-name >
- < filter-class > org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter < /filter-class >
- < init-param >
- < param-name > confReloadCheckInterval < /param-name >
- < param-value > 60 < /param-value >
- < /init-param >
- < init-param >
- < param-name > logLevel < /param-name >
- < param-value > DEBUG < /param-value >
- < /init-param >
- < /filter >
- < filter-mapping >
- < filter-name > UrlRewriteFilter < /filter-name >
- < url-pattern > /* < /url-pattern >
- < /filter-mapping >
- < !-- 覆盖default servlet的/, springmvc servlet将处理原来处理静态资源的映射 -- >
- < servlet-mapping >
- < servlet-name > springmvc < /servlet-name >
- < url-pattern > / < /url-pattern >
- < /servlet-mapping >
- < !-- 浏览器不支持put,delete等method,由该filter将/blog? _method = delete 转换为标准的http delete方法 -- >
- < filter >
- < filter-name > HiddenHttpMethodFilter < /filter-name >
- < filter-class > org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter < /filter-class >
- < /filter >
- < filter-mapping >
- < filter-name > HiddenHttpMethodFilter < /filter-name >
- < servlet-name > springmvc < /servlet-name >
- < /filter-mapping >
2. webapp/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml配置,使用如下两个class激活@RequestMapping annotation
- < bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
- < bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
完整配置
- < beans default-autowire = "byName" >
- < !-- 自动搜索@Controller标注的类 -- >
- < context:component-scan base-package = "com.**.controller" />
- < bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
- < bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
- < !-- Default ViewResolver -- >
- < bean id = "viewResolver" class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" >
- < property name = "viewClass" value = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
- < property name = "prefix" value = "/pages" />
- < property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp" > < /property >
- < /bean >
- < bean id = "messageSource" class = "org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource" p:basename = "i18n/messages" />
- < !-- Mapping exception to the handler view -- >
- < bean id = "exceptionResolver" class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver" >
- < !-- to /commons/error.jsp -- >
- < property name = "defaultErrorView" value = "/commons/error" />
- < property name = "exceptionMappings" >
- < props >
- < /props >
- < /property >
- < /bean >
- < /beans >
3. Controller编写
- /**
- * @RequestMapping("/userinfo") 具有层次关系,方法级的将在类一级@RequestMapping之一,
- * 如下面示例, 访问方法级别的@RequestMapping("/new"),则URL为 /userinfo/new
- */
- @Controller
- @RequestMapping ( "/userinfo" )
- public class UserInfoController extends BaseSpringController{
- //默认多列排序,example: username desc,createTime asc
- protected static final String DEFAULT_SORT_COLUMNS = null ;
- private UserInfoManager userInfoManager;
- private final String LIST_ACTION = "redirect:/userinfo" ;
- /**
- * 通过spring自动注入
- **/
- public void setUserInfoManager(UserInfoManager manager) {
- this .userInfoManager = manager;
- }
- /** 列表 */
- @RequestMapping
- public ModelAndView index(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) {
- PageRequest< Map> pageRequest = newPageRequest(request,DEFAULT_SORT_COLUMNS);
- //pageRequest.getFilters(); //add custom filters
- Page page = this .userInfoManager.findByPageRequest(pageRequest);
- savePage(page,pageRequest,request);
- return new ModelAndView( "/userinfo/list" , "userInfo" ,userInfo);
- }
- /** 进入新增 */
- @RequestMapping (value= "/new" )
- public ModelAndView _new(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) throws Exception {
- return new ModelAndView( "/userinfo/new" , "userInfo" ,userInfo);
- }
- /** 显示 */
- @RequestMapping (value= "/{id}" )
- public ModelAndView show( @PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
- UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);
- return new ModelAndView( "/userinfo/show" , "userInfo" ,userInfo);
- }
- /** 编辑 */
- @RequestMapping (value= "/{id}/edit" )
- public ModelAndView edit( @PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
- UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);
- return new ModelAndView( "/userinfo/edit" , "userInfo" ,userInfo);
- }
- /** 保存新增 */
- @RequestMapping (method=RequestMethod.POST)
- public ModelAndView create(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) throws Exception {
- userInfoManager.save(userInfo);
- return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
- }
- /** 保存更新 */
- @RequestMapping (value= "/{id}" ,method=RequestMethod.PUT)
- public ModelAndView update( @PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
- UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);
- bind(request,userInfo);
- userInfoManager.update(userInfo);
- return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
- }
- /** 删除 */
- @RequestMapping (value= "/{id}" ,method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
- public ModelAndView delete( @PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
- userInfoManager.removeById(id);
- return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
- }
- /** 批量删除 */
- @RequestMapping (method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
- public ModelAndView batchDelete(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
- String[] items = request.getParameterValues( "items" );
- for ( int i = 0 ; i < items.length; i++) {
- java.lang.Long id = new java.lang.Long(items[i]);
- userInfoManager.removeById(id);
- }
- return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
- }
- }
上面是rapid-framework 新版本生成器生成的代码,以后也将应用此规则,rest url中增删改查等基本方法与Controller的方法映射规则
- /userinfo => index()
- /userinfo/new => _new()
- /userinfo/{id} => show ()
- /userinfo/{id}/edit => edit()
- /userinfo POST => create()
- /userinfo/{id} PUT => update()
- /userinfo/{id} DELETE => delete()
- /userinfo DELETE => batchDelete()
注(不使用 /userinfo/add => add() 方法是由于add这个方法会被maxthon浏览器当做广告链接过滤掉,因为包含ad字符)
4. jsp 编写
- < form:form action = "${ctx}/userinfo/${userInfo.userId}" method = "put" >
- < /form:form >
- 将生成一个hidden的 _method = put ,并于web.xml中的HiddenHttpMethodFilter配合使用,在服务端将post请求改为put请求
- < form id = "userInfo" action = "/springmvc_rest_demo/userinfo/2" method = "post" >
- < input type = "hidden" name = "_method" value = "put" />
- < /form >
另外一种方法是你可以使用ajax发送put,delete请求.
5. 静态资源的URL重写
如上我们描述,现因为将default servlet映射至/static/的子目录,现我们访问静态资源将会带一个/static/前缀.
如 /foo.gif, 现在访问该文件将是 /static/foo.gif.
那如何避免这个前缀呢,那就是应用URL rewrite,现我们使用 http://tuckey.org/urlrewrite/ , 重写规则如下
- < urlrewrite >
- < !-- 访问jsp及jspx将不rewrite url,其它.js,.css,.gif等将重写,如 / foo.gif = > /static/foo.gif -- >
- < rule >
- < condition operator = "notequal" next = "and" type = "request-uri" > .*.jsp < /condition >
- < condition operator = "notequal" next = "and" type = "request-uri" > .*.jspx < /condition >
- < from > ^(/.*/..*)$ < /from >
- < to > /static$1 < /to >
- < /rule >
- < /urlrewrite >
另笔者专门写了一个 RestUrlRewriteFilter来做同样的事件,以后会随着rapid-framework一周发布. 比这个更加轻量级.
并且该代码已经贡献给spring,不知会不会在下一版本发布。
http://developer.51cto.com/art/200909/153054.htm