C++--学生成绩管理系统

# include <iostream>  
# include <fstream>  
# include <string.h>  
#include <conio.h>//用getch();
using namespace std;
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS

//﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌Student类﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌  
class Student
{
public:
	char name[20];
	char Id[20];
	int Cnum;       //C++课程得分  
	int Mnum;       //汇编课程得分  
	int Enum;       //嵌入式操作系统课程得分  
	int sum;        //总分       
	Student * Next;
	void Input()
	{
		cout << "\t\t请输入学生的姓名：";  cin >> name;
		cout << "\t\t请输入学生的学号：";  cin >> Id;
		cout << "\t\t请输入C++课程的成绩：";  cin >> Cnum;
		cout << "\t\t请输入汇编课程的成绩：";  cin >> Mnum;
		cout << "\t\t请输入嵌入式操作系统课程的成绩：";  cin >> Enum;
		sum = Cnum + Mnum + Enum;
	}
	void ReadFile(istream & in)//函数完成的作用是，依次将标准输入流中的数据读入到变量
	{
		in >> name >> Id >> Cnum >> Mnum >> Enum >> sum;
	}
	void Show()
	{
		cout << "姓名:" << name << endl << "学号:" << Id << endl << "C++:" << Cnum << endl
			<< "汇编:" << Mnum << endl << "嵌入式操作系统：" << Enum << endl << "总成绩:" << sum << endl << endl << endl;
	}
};

//﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌Studentmassage类﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌  
class Studentmassage
{
public:
	Studentmassage();
	~Studentmassage();
	void ShowMenu();
	void Find();
	void Save();
	void ModifyItem();
	void RemoveItem();
	void Swap(Student *, Student *);
	void Sort();
	//void Unpass();  
	int ListCount();
	//void Average(); 
	void delay()
	{
		int n = 1000000000;
		while (n--)
			;
	}
	void Display()
	{

		for (Student * p = Head->Next; p != End; p = p->Next)
			p->Show();
		delay();
		cout << "输入任意字符！继续……";
		getchar();
	}
	void AddItem()//添加一个学生信息
	{
		End->Input();
		End->Next = new Student;
		End = End->Next;
		cout << "添加成功!" << endl;
		cout << "输入任意字符！继续……";
		getchar();
	}
private:
	Student * Head, *End;
	ifstream in;
	ofstream out;
	Student *FindItem(char * name)
	{
		for (Student * p = Head; p->Next != End; p = p->Next)//匹配成功则返回上一个指针，不成功就返回空  
		if (!strcmp(p->Next->name, name))return p;
		return NULL;
	}
	Student *FindID(char * Id)
	{
		for (Student * p = Head; p->Next != End; p = p->Next)//匹配成功则返回上一个指针，不成功就返回空  
		if (!strcmp(p->Next->Id, Id))return p;
		return NULL;
	}
};

//﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌构造函数﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌  
Studentmassage::Studentmassage()
{
	Head = new Student;
	Head->Next = new Student;
	End = Head->Next;
	in.open("sort.txt");
	if (!in)
		cout << "这是一个新系统，无学生信息。请先输入。" << endl;
	else
	{
		while (!in.eof())
		{
			End->ReadFile(in);
			if (End->name[0] == '\0')break;
			End->Next = new Student;
			End = End->Next;
		}
		in.close();
		cout << "\t\t读取学生信息成功!" << endl;
	}
}

//﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌析构函数﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌  
Studentmassage::~Studentmassage()
{
	Save();
	for (Student * temp; Head->Next != End;)
	{
		temp = Head->Next;
		Head->Next = Head->Next->Next;
		delete temp;
	}
	delete Head, End;
}

//﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌菜单﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌  
void Studentmassage::ShowMenu()
{
	cout << "********************************************************************************" << endl;
	cout << "〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓  ☆   学 生 成 绩 管 理 系  统     ☆  〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓" << endl;
	cout << "〓〓〓〓〓〓〓★★★★★         ★★★★★★★         ★★★★★〓〓〓〓〓〓〓" << endl;
	cout << "〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓★  ☆          1.增加学生成绩        ☆  ★〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓" << endl;
	cout << "〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓★  ☆          2.显示学生成绩        ☆  ★〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓" << endl;
	cout << "〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓★  ☆          3.排序统计成绩        ☆  ★〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓" << endl;
	cout << "〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓★  ☆          4.查找学生成绩        ☆  ★〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓" << endl;
	cout << "〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓★  ☆          5.删除学生成绩        ☆  ★〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓" << endl;
	cout << "〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓★  ☆          6.修改学生信息        ☆  ★〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓" << endl;
	cout << "〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓★  ☆          0.安全退出系统        ☆  ★〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓〓" << endl;

	cout << "\n\t\t\n\t\t请选择：";
}

//﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌查找函数﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌  
void Studentmassage::Find()
{
	char name[20], Id[10];
	int x;
	Student * p = NULL;
	cout << "\n\t\t*********************************\n";
	cout << "\t\t※ 1.按学生的姓名查找\n\t\t※ 2.按学生学号查找";
	cout << "\n\t\t*********************************\n请选择：";
	cin >> x;
	switch (x)
	{
	case 1:{cout << "\t\t请输入要查找的学生的姓名："; cin >> name;
		if (p = FindItem(name))
		{
			p->Next->Show();
			delay();
			cout << "输入任意字符！继续……";
			getchar();
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "\t\t没有找到该姓名的学生！" << '\n' << endl;
			delay();
			cout << "输入任意字符！继续……";
			getchar();
		}
	}break;
	case 2:
	{
			  cout << "\t\t请输入要查找的学生的学号："; cin >> Id;
			  if (p = FindID(Id))
			  {
				  p->Next->Show();
				  delay();
				  cout << "输入任意字符！继续……";
				  getchar();
			  }
			  else
			  {
				  cout << "\t\t没有找到该学好的学生！" << '\n' << endl;
				  delay();
				  cout << "输入任意字符！继续……";
				  getchar();
			  }
	}break;
	}

}

//﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌修改信息﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌  
void Studentmassage::ModifyItem()     //修改信息  
{
	char name[20];
	Student * p = NULL;
	cout << "\t\t请输入要修改的人的姓名:"; cin >> name;
	if (p = FindItem(name))
	{
		cout << "\t\t已找到学生的信息，请输入新的信息!" << endl;
		p->Next->Input();
		cout << "修改成功！" << endl;
		cout << "输入任意字符！继续……";
		getchar();
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "\t\t没有找到!" << endl;
		delay();
		cout << "输入任意字符！继续……";
		getchar();
	}
}

//﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌删除信息﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌  
void Studentmassage::RemoveItem()         // 删除信息  
{
	char name[20];
	Student * p = NULL, *temp = NULL;
	cout << "\t\t请输入要删除的学生的姓名:" << endl; cin >> name;
	if (p = FindItem(name))
	{
		temp = p->Next;
		p->Next = p->Next->Next;
		delete temp;
		delay();
		cout << "\t\t删除成功!" << endl;
		cout << "输入任意字符！继续……";
		getchar();
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "\t\t没有找到!" << endl;
		delay();
		cout << "输入任意字符！继续……";
		getchar();
	}
}

//﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌  
void Studentmassage::Swap(Student *p1, Student *p2)//交换两个combox变量的数据域  
{
	Student *temp = new Student;
	strcpy(temp->name, p1->name);
	strcpy(temp->Id, p1->Id);
	temp->Cnum = p1->Cnum;
	temp->Mnum = p1->Mnum;
	temp->Enum = p1->Enum;
	temp->sum = p1->sum;

	strcpy(p1->name, p2->name);
	strcpy(p1->Id, p2->Id);
	p1->Cnum = p2->Cnum;
	p1->Mnum = p2->Mnum;
	p1->Enum = p2->Enum;
	p1->sum = p2->sum;

	strcpy(p2->name, temp->name);
	strcpy(p2->Id, temp->Id);
	p2->Cnum = temp->Cnum;
	p2->Mnum = temp->Mnum;
	p2->Enum = temp->Enum;
	p2->sum = temp->sum;
}

//﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌  
int Studentmassage::ListCount()//统计当前链表的记录总数，返回一个整数  
{
	if (!Head)
		return 0;
	int n = 0;
	for (Student * p = Head->Next; p != End; p = p->Next)
	{
		n++;
	}
	return n;
}

//﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌  
void Studentmassage::Sort()//对当前链表进行排序  
{
	cout << "Sorting..." << endl;
	Student *p = NULL, *p1 = NULL, *k = NULL;
	int n = Studentmassage::ListCount();
	if (n<2)
		return;
	for (p = Head->Next; p != End; p = p->Next)
	for (k = p->Next; k != End; k = k->Next)
	{
		if (p->sum>k->sum)
		{
			Studentmassage::Swap(p, k);
		}
	}
	delay();
	cout << "排序完成！" << endl;
	getchar();
	return;
}

//﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌保存函数﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌  
void Studentmassage::Save()
{
	out.open("sort.txt");
	for (Student *p = Head->Next; p != End; p = p->Next)
		out << p->name << "\t" << p->Id << "\t" << p->Cnum << "\t"
		<< p->Mnum << "\t" << p->Enum << "\t" << p->sum << '\n';
	out.close();
}

//﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌主函数﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌﹌  
int main()
{
	int x, i = 0;
	bool quit = false;
	cout << "\t\t§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§" << endl;
	for (i = 0; i<3; i++)
		cout << "\t\t◎\t\t\t\t\t\t  ◎" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t◎★★★★【  欢迎进入学生成绩管理系统  】★★★★◎" << endl;
	for (i = 0; i<3; i++)
		cout << "\t\t◎\t\t\t\t\t\t  ◎" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§\n" << endl;;
	Studentmassage Grade;
	cout << "按任意键开始……";
	getchar();
	while (1)
	{
		system("cls");
		Grade.ShowMenu();
		cin >> x;
		switch (x)
		{
		case 0:quit = true; break;
		case 1:Grade.AddItem(); break;
		case 2:Grade.Display(); break;
		case 3:Grade.Sort(); break;
		case 4:Grade.Find(); break;
		case 5:Grade.RemoveItem(); break;
		case 6:Grade.ModifyItem(); break;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

本程序是通过文件存储数据的，链表实现的操作。