项目源码 module:spring-cloud-feigon
上面,讲述了如何通过RestTemplate+Ribbon去消费服务,这里主要讲述如何通过Feign去消费服务。
4.1 Feign简介 Feign是一个声明式的伪Http客户端,它使得写Http客户端变得更简单。使用Feign,只需要创建一个接口并注解。它具有可插拔的注解特性, 可使用Feign 注解和JAX-RS注解。Feign支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Feign默认集成了Ribbon,并和Eureka结合,默认实现了负载均衡的效果。
简而言之:
Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解 Feign 整合了ribbon
4.2 准备工作 继续用上一节的工程, 启动eureka-server,端口为7070; 启动service-a 两次,端口分别为7071 、7072.
4.3 创建一个feign的服务
新建一个spring-boot工程,取名为spring-cloud-feign,pom文件依赖:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
4.4 修改配置文件
server:
port: 7076
spring:
application:
name: service-feign
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:7070/eureka/
instance:
hostname: localhost
4.5 修改启动类
在程序的启动类ServiceFeignApplication ,加上@EnableFeignClients注解开启Feign的功能:
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class SpringCloudFeignApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudFeignApplication.class, args);
}
}
4.6 定义接口
定义一个feign接口,通过@ FeignClient(“服务名”),来指定调用哪个服务。比如在代码中调用了service-hi服务的“/hi”接口,代码如下:
/**
* description:
*
* @author sunjiamin
* @date 2018-05-14 09:58
*/
@FeignClient(value = "service-hi")
public interface SchedualServiceHi {
@RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
String sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
}
4.7 添加Controller
在Web层的controller层,对外暴露一个”/hi”的API接口,通过上面定义的Feign客户端SchedualServiceHi 来消费服务。代码如下
/**
* description:
*
* @author sunjiamin
* @date 2018-05-14 09:59
*/
@RestController
public class HiController {
@Autowired
SchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi;
@RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String sayHi(@RequestParam String name){
return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne(name);
}
}
启动程序,多次访问http://localhost:7076/hi?name=jojo,浏览器交替显示:
hi jojo,i am from port:7071
hi jojo,i am from port:7072