Linux安装python及模块

Linux下安装python及模块踩过的坑

1.先下载python的版本
https://www.python.org/downloads/source/

2.安装依赖环境

# yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel

3.安装python3
个人习惯安装在/usr/local/python3（具体安装位置看个人喜好）

# mkdir -p /usr/local/python3

4.解压下载好的Python-3.9.0.tgz包()

# tar -zxvf Python-3.9.0.tgz

5.进入解压后的目录，编译安装

# cd Python-3.9.0
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-shared --with-ssl
# make && make install

6.建立python3的软链

# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3

注：
    如果出现ln: failed to create symbolic link ‘/usr/bin/python3’: File exists
 

rm -rf /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3

   就ok

   修改pip3的软链接：

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3  /usr/bin/pip3  ##可以忽略

7.检查python3是够可正常运行

python3 -V

注：若报错 libpython3.X.so:cannot open shared object file
       找到相应的所在地址

find / -name libpython3.X.so 

       结果

/usr/local/python3/Python3.9.0/libpython3.X.so

       将目录拷贝至

 vi /etc/ld.so.conf 最后一行:/usr/local/python3/Python3.9.0

      使得生效： /sbin/ldconfig

8.离线安装python的其他包:

      https://pypi.org/  在这找到对应的版本下载
    下载相关的  ###.whl或者 ###.tar.gz
    ###.whl 使用

pip3 install ###.whl

   或者###.tar.gz

   将相关的包上传至某个目录下，解压编译、安装

tar -zxvf ###.tar.gz
python3 setup.py build
python3 setup.py install