网卡statis数据内核过程分析

简介

本文只讲述网卡的statistics数据注册和获取流程，典型的如：
/sys/class/net/eth0/statistics/rx_packets
/sys/class/net/eth0/statistics/tx_packets
/sys/class/net/eth0/statistics/rx_bytes
/sys/class/net/eth0/statistics/tx_bytes
/sys/class/net/eth0/statistics/rx_dropped
/sys/class/net/eth0/statistics/tx_dropped

或者通过# ifconfig eth0查看到的数据

设备节点的创建

注册

在网卡加入到kernel的时候都必须通过register_netdevice()进行注册，该函数通过调用netdev_register_kobject()函数来设置相关信息并注册对应的设备节点。

/* Create sysfs entries for network device. */
int netdev_register_kobject(struct net_device *ndev){
    struct device *dev = &(ndev->dev);
    const struct attribute_group **groups = ndev->sysfs_groups;
    ...
    dev->groups = groups;
    ...
    *groups++ = &netstat_group;
    ...
    device_add(dev);
}

device_add()->device_add_attrs()->device_add_groups(dev->groups)->sysfs_create_groups()

netstat_group定义

#define NETSTAT_ENTRY(name)						\
static ssize_t name##_show(struct device *d,				\
			   struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf) 	\
{									\
	return netstat_show(d, attr, buf,				\
			    offsetof(struct rtnl_link_stats64, name));	\
}									\
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(name)

NETSTAT_ENTRY(rx_packets);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(tx_packets);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(rx_bytes);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(tx_bytes);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(rx_errors);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(tx_errors);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(rx_dropped);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(tx_dropped);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(multicast);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(collisions);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(rx_length_errors);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(rx_over_errors);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(rx_crc_errors);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(rx_frame_errors);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(rx_fifo_errors);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(rx_missed_errors);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(tx_aborted_errors);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(tx_carrier_errors);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(tx_fifo_errors);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(tx_heartbeat_errors);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(tx_window_errors);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(rx_compressed);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(tx_compressed);
NETSTAT_ENTRY(rx_nohandler);

static struct attribute *netstat_attrs[] = {
	&dev_attr_rx_packets.attr,
	&dev_attr_tx_packets.attr,
	&dev_attr_rx_bytes.attr,
	&dev_attr_tx_bytes.attr,
	&dev_attr_rx_errors.attr,
	&dev_attr_tx_errors.attr,
	&dev_attr_rx_dropped.attr,
	&dev_attr_tx_dropped.attr,
	&dev_attr_multicast.attr,
	&dev_attr_collisions.attr,
	&dev_attr_rx_length_errors.attr,
	&dev_attr_rx_over_errors.attr,
	&dev_attr_rx_crc_errors.attr,
	&dev_attr_rx_frame_errors.attr,
	&dev_attr_rx_fifo_errors.attr,
	&dev_attr_rx_missed_errors.attr,
	&dev_attr_tx_aborted_errors.attr,
	&dev_attr_tx_carrier_errors.attr,
	&dev_attr_tx_fifo_errors.attr,
	&dev_attr_tx_heartbeat_errors.attr,
	&dev_attr_tx_window_errors.attr,
	&dev_attr_rx_compressed.attr,
	&dev_attr_tx_compressed.attr,
	&dev_attr_rx_nohandler.attr,
	NULL
};
static struct attribute_group netstat_group = {
    .name  = "statistics",
    .attrs  = netstat_attrs,
};

netstat_show函数

#define __stringify_1(x...)	#x
#define __stringify(x...)	__stringify_1(x)

#define __ATTR_RO(_name) {						\
	.attr	= { .name = __stringify(_name), .mode = S_IRUGO },	\
	.show	= _name##_show,						\
}

#define DEVICE_ATTR_RO(_name) \
	struct device_attribute dev_attr_##_name = __ATTR_RO(_name)

struct rtnl_link_stats64 *dev_get_stats(struct net_device *dev,
					struct rtnl_link_stats64 *storage)
{
	const struct net_device_ops *ops = dev->netdev_ops;

	if (ops->ndo_get_stats64) {
		memset(storage, 0, sizeof(*storage));
		ops->ndo_get_stats64(dev, storage);
	} else if (ops->ndo_get_stats) {
		netdev_stats_to_stats64(storage, ops->ndo_get_stats(dev));
	} else {
		netdev_stats_to_stats64(storage, &dev->stats);
	}
	storage->rx_dropped += atomic_long_read(&dev->rx_dropped);
	storage->tx_dropped += atomic_long_read(&dev->tx_dropped);
	storage->rx_nohandler += atomic_long_read(&dev->rx_nohandler);
	return storage;
}
static ssize_t netstat_show(const struct device *d,
			    struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf,
			    unsigned long offset)
{
	struct net_device *dev = to_net_dev(d);
	ssize_t ret = -EINVAL;

	WARN_ON(offset > sizeof(struct rtnl_link_stats64) ||
			offset % sizeof(u64) != 0);

	read_lock(&dev_base_lock);
	if (dev_isalive(dev)) {
		struct rtnl_link_stats64 temp;
		const struct rtnl_link_stats64 *stats = dev_get_stats(dev, &temp);

		ret = sprintf(buf, fmt_u64, *(u64 *)(((u8 *) stats) + offset));
	}
	read_unlock(&dev_base_lock);
	return ret;
}

dev_get_stats

通过dev_get_stats()函数可以知道，如果网卡有注册ndo_get_stats64()函数或者ndo_get_stats()函数，则通过网卡驱动获取stats数据，否则直接通过dev->stats获取。

其他

net/core/dev.c
register_netdevice
net/core/net-sysfs.c
netdev_register_kobject()->
dev->groups = groups;
*groups++ = &netstat_group;
device_add()->device_add_attrs()->device_add_groups(dev->groups)->sysfs_create_groups()