c++.primer.plus第五版第九章编程练习答案

// 1
// golf.h -- for pe9-1.cpp

static const int Len = 40;
struct golf
{
    char fullname[Len];
    int handicap;
};

// non-interactive version:
// function sets golf structure to provided name,handicap
// using values passed as arguments to the function
void setgolf(golf &g,const char *name,int hc);

// interactive version:
// function solicits name and handicap from user
// and sets the members of g to the values entered
// returns 1 if name is entered, 0 if name is empty string
int setgolf(golf & g);

// function resets handicap to new value_type
void handicap(golf & g,int hc);

// function displays contents of golf structure
void showgolf(const golf & g);


// 1

// golf.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include "golf.h"

void setgolf(golf & g,const char * name,int hc)
{
    strcpy(g.fullname,name);
    g.handicap = hc;
}

int setgolf(golf & g)
{
    using std::cin;
    using std::cout;
    using std::endl;

    int hc;

    cout << "Please input the name of the golf player: ";
    cin.get(g.fullname,Len);   // 读取一行
    if(cin)
    {
        cout << "Please input the handicap of the golf player: ";
        cin >> hc;
        cin.get();
        g.handicap = hc;
        return 1;
    }
    else
        return 0;

}

void handicap(golf & g,int hc)
{
    g.handicap = hc;
}

void showgolf(const golf & g)
{
    std::cout << "g.hullname is " << g.fullname << ", g.handicap is " << g.handicap << std::endl;
}


// 1

#include <iostream>
#include "golf.h"

int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    int array_size,real_size;
    char opteions;

    cout << "Please input the size of array you want: ";
    cin >> array_size;
    golf g[array_size];
    cout << "Please input your choice('1' or '3'): ";
    cin >> opteions;
    cin.get();
    while(opteions != '1' && opteions != '3')
    {
        cout << "Please input your choice('1' or '3'): ";
        cin >> opteions;
        cin.get();
    }
    if(opteions == '1') // use function setgolf(golf & g)
    {
        int is_ok = 1;
        for(int i = 0;i < array_size;i++)
            if(is_ok)
            {
                is_ok = setgolf(g[i]);
                real_size = i;
            }
            else
            {
                real_size = i - 2;
                cin.clear();            // 不加会出错，死循环打印
                break;
            }

    }
    else if(opteions == '3') // use function setgolf(golf &g,const char *name,int hc)
    {
        int cin_ok = 1;
        for(int i = 0;i < array_size;i++)
        {
            if(cin_ok)
            {
                int hc;
                char name[Len];
                cout << "Please input the name of the golf player: ";
                cin.get(name,Len);   // 读取一行
                if(cin)
                {
                    cout << "Please input the handicap of the golf player: ";
                    cin >> hc;
                    cin.get();
                    setgolf(g[i],name,hc);
                    real_size = i;
                }
                else
                {
                    cin_ok = 0;
                    cin.clear();            // 不加会出错，死循环打印
                    real_size = i - 1;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    int flag;
    do
    {
        cout << "***********************************************************************\n"
         << "****\t\t2 to change\n****\t\t3 to show\n****\t\t4 to quit\n"
         << "***********************************************************************\n";
        cin >> flag;
        cin.get();

        if(flag == 2)
        {
            int hc,number;
            cout << "Please input the number of the array you want to change: ";
            cin >> number;
            cin.get();
            cout << "Please input the handicap of the golf player: ";
            cin >> hc;
            cin.get();
            if(number <= real_size)
                handicap(g[number - 1],hc);
        }
        else if(flag == 3)
        {
            for(int i = 0;i <= real_size;i++)   // show the information of the struct
                showgolf(g[i]);
        }
    }while(flag != 4);

    return 0;
}



// 9.8 static.cpp
// static.cpp -- using a static local variable
#include <iostream>

// constants
const int ArSize = 10;

// function prototype
void strcount(const char * str);

int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    char input[ArSize];
    char next;

    cout << "Enter a line: \n";
    cin.get(input,ArSize);

    while(cin)
    {
        cin.get(next);
        while(next != '\n')     // string didn't fit!
            cin.get(next);
        strcount(input);
        cout << "Enter next line (empty line to quit): \n";
        cin.get(input,ArSize);
    }

    cout << "Bye.\n";
    return 0;
}

void strcount(const char *str)
{
    using namespace std;
    static int total = 0;   // static local variable
    int count = 0;          // automatic local variable

    cout << "\"" << str << "\" contains ";
    while(*str++)           // go to end of string
        count ++;
    total += count;
    cout << count << " characters\n";
    cout << total << " characters total\n";
}



// 2
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

// function prototype
void strcount(const string);

int main()
{
    string input;
    cout << "Enter a line: \n";
    getline(cin,input);

    while(input != "")
    {
        strcount(input);
        cout << "Enter next line (empty line to quit): \n";
        getline(cin,input);
    }

    cout << "Bye.\n";
    return 0;
}

void strcount(const string val)
{
    static int total = 0;   // static local variable
    int count = 0;          // automatic local variable

// const char *str = val.c_str(); // string类型转换为char *类型 方法一
//    cout << "\"" << str << "\" contains ";
//    while(*str++)           // go to end of string
//        count ++;

    cout << "\"" << val << "\" contains ";
    count = val.length();       //方法二
    total += count;
    cout << count << " characters\n";
    cout << total << " characters total\n";
}



// 3
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>

const int Len = 2;
struct chaff
{
    char dross[20];
    int slag;
};

int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    //chaff buf[Len];                 // 方法一
    chaff * buf = new chaff[Len];       // 方法二


    chaff * p = new (buf) chaff[Len];

    char strdross[20];
    for(int i = 0;i < Len;i++)
    {
        cout << "Please input the dross of chaff " << i + 1 << ": ";
        cin >> strdross;
        strcpy(p[i].dross,strdross);
        cout << "Please input the slag of chaff " << i + 1 << ": ";
        cin >> p[i].slag;
    }

//    cout << "\nthe address of the buf is " << (void*)buf << endl;
//    cout << "the address of the p is " << &p[0] << endl;



    //循环显示结构体数据内容
    int num;
    do
    {
        cout << "Please input the num of chaff you want to show : ";
        cin >> num;
        while(!cin) //  如果输入不是int型的，会报错，重新输入
        {
            cin.clear();
            while(cin.get() != '\n')
                continue;
            cout << "Please input the num of chaff you want to show : ";
            cin >> num;
        }

        if(num == 1 || num == 2)
        {
            cout << "the dross of chaff" << num << "is\t" << p[num - 1].dross << endl;
            cout << "the slag of chaff" << num << "is\t" << p[num - 1].slag << endl;
        }
    }while(num != 0);   // 输入为0时退出

    delete [] buf;      // 释放new申请的内存
    return 0;
}