VS2013 编译运行 OTL 示例代码

摘要

本文详细记录了，使用VS2013，VC++ Windows Console 程序运行 OTL 一个示例代码 Example 185 （ http://otl.sourceforge.net/otl4_ex185.htm）的过程，希望能帮到首次接触OTL的朋友。

1. OTL简介

OTL 是 Oracle, Odbc and DB2-CLI Template Library 的缩写，是一个C++操控关系数据库的模板库，它目前几乎支持所有的当前各种主流数据库，例如Oracle, MS SQL Server, Sybase, Informix, MySQL, DB2, Interbase / Firebird, PostgreSQL, SQLite, SAP/DB, TimesTen, MS ACCESS等等。OTL中直接操作Oracle主要是通过Oracle提供的OCI接口进行，进行操作DB2数据库则是通过CLI接口来进行，至于MS的数据库和其它一些数据库，则OTL只提供了ODBC来操作的方式。当然Oracle和DB2也可以由OTL间接使用ODBC的方式来进行操纵。OTL最新版本为4.0，项目主页：http://otl.sourceforge.net/

优点：
      a. 跨平台
      b. 运行效率高，与C语言直接调用API相当
      c. 开发效率高，起码比ADO.net使用起来更简单，更简洁
      d. 部署容易，不需要ADO组件，不需要.net framework 等
缺点：
      我不知道，所以我不说:)

2. OTL下载

从主页：http://otl.sourceforge.net/可以进入下载页面，使用OTL开发，只需要下载其一个头文件就可以了，下载下来的头文件名为：otlv4.h。在下载页面也同时提供了帮助文档和例子程序的下载。

3. 编译调试运行示例 Example 185

3.1 打开VS2013，新建一个VC++空白的Win32 Console Application工程，Solution name：OTL Example，Project Name： Example185_Unicode_NVarChar2_otl_refcur_stream，添加cpp文件，main.cpp， 将示例代码（http://otl.sourceforge.net/otl4_ex185.htm）拷贝到main.cpp中，就向这样

别着急编译，一大堆错误呢，接着往下看。

3.2 配置x64 Solution Platform

系统环境是 Windows 8.1 Pro，64-bitOperating System, x64-based processor。OracleClient 64-bit, Release 11.2.0.3.0。

所以必须，新建x64 SolutionPlatform

点击OK，然后将编译平台设置为x64

3.3 添加引用otlv4.h

在解决方案文件所在的目录下，新建文件夹OTL_Include，将下载下来的otlv4.h文件放入其中，然后在工程属性中，添加刚才新建的目录作为otlv4.h引用路径：

            $(SolutionDir)\OTL_Include

3.4 添加引用oci.h和oci.lib

从Oracle的安装路径中，找到oci.h和oci.lib所在的文件夹，将文件夹oci其拷贝到解决方案所在文件夹下。

然后依次修改下面3个工程属性：

1)  oci.h引用路径：$(SolutionDir)\oci\include

2) Oci.lib引用路径：$(SolutionDir)\oci\lib\msvc

3) 指定oci.lib依赖

4 其它编译错误

当遇到以下编译错误时：

1>main.cpp(26): error C4996: 'sprintf': This function orvariable may be unsafe. Consider using sprintf_s instead. To disabledeprecation, use _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS. See online help for details.

1>         C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio12.0\VC\include\stdio.h(356) : see declaration of 'sprintf'

 

使用sprintf_s替换掉函数sprintf。

 

至此，编译应该通过了。

5. 修改连接字符串

从例子代码中，找到rlogon函数调用，修改其连接到测试数据库，例如，我的就修改如下：

       db.rlogon("fmuser_syy/fm@10.86.0.7:1521/fmorcl"); // connectto Oracle

6. 运行效果

7. 示例工程下载

http://download.csdn.net/detail/sunyeyi/8515193

资源分分很贵的！所以附上完整源代码一份，你也可以不必去下载！

// 
// http://otl.sourceforge.net/otl4_ex185.htm

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

#include <stdio.h>
#define OTL_ORA8I // Compile OTL 4.0/OCI8i
#define OTL_UNICODE // Enable Unicode OTL for OCI8i
#include <otlv4.h> // include the OTL 4.0 header file

otl_connect db; // connect object

void insert()
// insert rows into table
{
    otl_stream o(50, // buffer size
        "insert into test_tab values(:f1<float>,:f2<char[31]>)",
        // SQL statement
        db // connect object
        );
    char tmp[32];
    unsigned short tmp2[32]; // Null terminated Unicode character array.

    for (int i = 1; i <= 100; ++i){
        sprintf_s(tmp, "Name%d", i);
        unsigned short* c2 = tmp2;
        char* c1 = tmp;
        // Unicode's first 128 characters are ASCII (0..127), so
        // all is needed for converting ASCII into Unicode is as follows:
        while (*c1){
            *c2 = (unsigned char)*c1;
            ++c1; ++c2;
        }
        *c2 = 0; // target Unicode string is null terminated,
        // only the null terminator is a two-byte character, 
        // not one-byte
        o << (float)i;
        o << (unsigned char*)tmp2;
        // overloaded operator<<(const unsigned char*) in the case of Unicode
        // OTL accepts a pointer to a Unicode character array.
        // operator<<(const unsigned short*) wasn't overloaded
        // in order to avoid ambiguity in C++ type casting.
    }

}

void select()
{
    otl_stream i(1, // buffer size
        "begin "
        " open :cur<refcur,out[50]> for "
        // :cur is a bind variable name, refcur -- its type, 
        // out -- output parameter, 50 -- the buffer size when this
        // reference cursor will be attached to otl_refcur_stream
        "  select * "
        "  from test_tab "
        "  where f1>=:f<int,in> and f1<=:f*2; "
        "end;", // PL/SQL block returns a referenced cursor
        db // connect object
        );
    // create select stream with referenced cursor

    i.set_commit(0); // set stream "auto-commit" to OFF.

    float f1;
    unsigned short f2[32];

    otl_refcur_stream s; // reference cursor stream for reading rows.

    i << 8; // assigning :f = 8
    i >> s; // initializing the refrence cursor stream with the output 
    // reference cursor.

    while (!s.eof()){ // while not end-of-data
        s >> f1;
        s >> (unsigned char*)f2;
        // overloaded operator>>(unsigned char*) in the case of Unicode
        // OTL accepts a pointer to a Unicode chracter array.
        // operator>>(unsigned short*) wasn't overloaded 
        // in order to avoid ambiguity in C++ type casting.
        cout << "f1=" << f1 << ", f2=";
        // Unicode's first 128 characters are ASCII, so in order
        // to convert Unicode back to ASCII all is needed is
        // as follows:
        for (int j = 0; f2[j] != 0; ++j){
            cout << (char)f2[j];
        }
        cout << endl;
    }

    s.close(); // closing the reference cursor

    i << 4; // assigning :f = 4
    i >> s;

    while (!s.eof()){ // while not end-of-data
        s >> f1;
        s >> (unsigned char*)f2;
        // overloaded operator>>(unsigned char*) in the case of Unicode
        // OTL accepts a pointer to a Unicode chracter array.
        // operator>>(unsigned short*) wasn't overloaded 
        // in order to avoid ambiguity in C++ type casting.
        cout << "f1=" << f1 << ", f2=";
        // Unicode's first 128 characters are ASCII, so in order
        // to convert Unicode back to ASCII all is needed is
        // as follows:
        for (int j = 0; f2[j] != 0; ++j){
            cout << (char)f2[j];
        }
        cout << endl;
    }

    // there is no need to explicitly calls s.close() since s's destructor 
    // will take care of closing the stream
}

int main()
{
    otl_connect::otl_initialize(); // initialize OCI environment
    try{

        db.rlogon("fmuser_syy/fm@10.86.0.7:1521/fmorcl"); // connect to Oracle

        otl_cursor::direct_exec
            (
            db,
            "drop table test_tab",
            otl_exception::disabled // disable OTL exceptions
            ); // drop table

        otl_cursor::direct_exec
            (
            db,
            "create table test_tab(f1 number, f2 nvarchar2(60))"
            );  // create table

        db.set_character_set(SQLCS_NCHAR);

        insert(); // insert records into table
        select(); // select records from table

    }

    catch (otl_exception& p){ // intercept OTL exceptions
        cerr << p.msg << endl; // print out error message
        cerr << p.stm_text << endl; // print out SQL that caused the error
        cerr << p.var_info << endl; // print out the variable that caused the error
    }

    db.logoff(); // disconnect from Oracle

    return 0;

}