创建项目
打开Intellij IDEA,点击File -> New -> Project
左侧选择Maven,右侧勾选Create from archetype,选中webapp模板
填写GroupId和ArtifactId后,点击next,最后finish完成
使用Maven导入jar包
使用Maven加载需要的jar包,因此需要修改pom.xml文件。使用下面的代码将pom.xml文件中<properties>与<dependencies>的标签内容替换掉。
<!-- 用来设置版本号 --> <properties> <srping.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</srping.version> <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version> <slf4j.version>1.7.12</slf4j.version> <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> <druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version> </properties> <!-- 用到的jar包 --> <dependencies> <!-- 单元测试 --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <!-- 表示开发的时候引入,发布的时候不会加载此包 --> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- spring框架包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${srping.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${srping.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId> <version>${srping.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${srping.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${srping.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${srping.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${srping.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${srping.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId> <version>${srping.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${srping.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- spring MVC框架包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${srping.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${srping.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- mybatis框架包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <!-- 数据库驱动 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.35</version> </dependency> <!-- 导入dbcp的jar包,用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId> <version>2.1.1</version> </dependency> <!-- jstl标签类 --> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- log --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
修改pom.xml文件后,右下角出现提示,选择Import Changes为项目导入jar包
创建项目文件
创建Sources与Resources
在src/main目录下新建文件夹,创建java与resources文件夹
创建后的目录结构
点击左上角File -> Project Structure
左侧选择Modules,右侧选中java文件夹,点击Sources;然后选中resources文件夹点击Resources
创建项目包
在java目录下右键 -> New -> Package,输入包名
com.syg.controller | 控制器层 |
---|---|
com.syg.dao | Dao层 |
com.syg.po | 持久化层 |
com.syg.service | service层 |
com.syg.service.impl | service实现层 |
创建mapper文件夹
在resources目录下右键 -> New ->Directory,输入文件名mapper
创建后的目录结构如下:
添加配置文件
配置文件说明
在resource目录下新建如下配置文件:
db.properties | 数据库配置文件 |
---|---|
applicationContext.xml | Spring的配置文件 |
mybatis-config.xml | MyBatis的配置文件 |
log4j.properties | 日志配置文件 |
spring-mvc.xml | Spring MVC配置文件 |
web.xml | Spring MVC前端控制器配置文件() |
注意:上述表格中web.xml无需创建,只需要对web.xml文件内容进行修改,文件位置:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml
db.properties
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver #连接路径,这里的test为创建的数据库名 url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8 #数据库的用户名 username=root #数据库的密码 password=123456 #定义初始连接数 initialSize=5 #定义最大空闲 maxIdle=30 #定义最小空闲 minIdle=10
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 加载properties文件 --> <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> <property name="location" value="classpath:db.properties"/> </bean> <!-- 配置数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}"/> <property name="url" value="${url}"/> <property name="username" value="${username}"/> <property name="password" value="${password}"/> </bean> <!-- 事务管理器,依赖于数据源 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <!--数据库连接池--> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <!-- 开启事务注解 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> <!-- 配置MyBatis工厂sqlSessionFactory --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 注入数据源 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!-- 指定MyBatis核心配置文件 --> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/> </bean> <!-- 配置Mapper扫描器 --> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml" /> </bean> <!-- 扫描Service--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.syg.service" /> </beans>
mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!-- 设置类的别名 --> <typeAliases> <package name="com.syg.po" /> </typeAliases> </configuration>
log4j.properties
#日志输出级别 log4j.rootLogger=debug,stdout,D,E #设置stdout的日志输出控制台 log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender #输出日志到控制台的方式,默认为System.out log4j.appender.stdout.Target = System.out #设置使用灵活布局 log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout #灵活定义输出格式 log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} -[%p] method:[%c (%rms)] - %m%n
spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> <!-- 配置包扫描器,扫描@Controller注解的类 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.syg.controller"/> <!-- 加载SpringMVC注解驱动 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 配置视图解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> </beans>
web.xml
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1"> <!--项目的欢迎页,项目运行起来后访问的页面--> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <!-- 注册ServletContext监听器,创建容器对象,并且将ApplicationContext对象放到Application域中 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 指定spring核心配置文件 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- 解决乱码的过滤器 --> <filter> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置Spring MVC前端控制器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <async-supported>true</async-supported> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
运行项目
运行项目需要配置Tomcat,首先点击IDEA右上角的 Edit Configurations... -> 进入到Run/Debug Configurations界面 -> 点击左上角加号 -> 选择Tomcat Server -> Local进入到Tomcat配置界面,可以在Server中看到基础配置,基本无需修改,若出现8080端口已被占用问题,可以修改HTTP port
然后,选中Deloyment -> 点击右边加号 -> 选中Artifact...
选中第二项配置,点击右下角OK
点击绿色三角启动项目,可以访问到默认页面index.jsp
注意:我这里修改了端口号为1234,默认端口为8080
总结
学习内容源源不断,环境配置磕磕绊绊