Java 设计模式之 Visitor 访问者模式

Visitor 访问者模式适用的场景是，存在某个容器，里面的组成部分不会发生变化，对这些组成部分的访问，不是由这个容器决定，而是交给访问者决定。

举个生活中的例子，比如稻草人，卖包，卖鞋子这些固定的消费品，顾客有临时顾客和会员，会员有不同的等级，给的折扣也不同。

消费品抽象类：

public abstract class Consumption {

    abstract void cost(Member member);

}

public class Bag extends Consumption{
    private String name;
    private double price;
    public Bag(String name, double price) {
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    @Override
    void cost(Member member) {
        member.pay(this);
    }
}

鞋子：

public class Shoes extends Consumption{
    private String name;
    private double price;
    public Shoes(String name, double price) {
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
    @Override
    void cost(Member member) {
        member.pay(this);
    }
}

顾客：

public abstract class Member {

    abstract void pay(Bag bag);
    abstract void pay(Shoes shoes);
}

金卡会员：

public class GoldMember extends Member{

    @Override
    void pay(Bag bag) {
        System.out.println(bag.getName() + " cost " + bag.getPrice()*0.85);
    }

    @Override
    void pay(Shoes shoes) {
        System.out.println(shoes.getName() + " cost " + shoes.getPrice()*0.8);
    }
}

银卡会员：

public class SilverMember extends Member{

    @Override
    void pay(Bag bag) {
        System.out.println(bag.getName() + " cost " + bag.getPrice() * 0.95);
    }

    @Override
    void pay(Shoes shoes) {
        System.out.println(shoes.getName() + " cost " + shoes.getPrice()*0.9);
    }
}

使用：

public class Store {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Bag b = new Bag("CK", 2000);
        Shoes ss = new Shoes("Red Dragonfly", 3000);

        Member goldMember = new GoldMember();
        b.cost(goldMember);
        ss.cost(goldMember);

        Member silverMember = new SilverMember();
        b.cost(silverMember);
        ss.cost(silverMember);
    }
}