mybatis 一对多,多对一处理

一 多对一的处理

• 在sql中存在者一对多或者多对一的关系,比如说学生和老师之间,多个学生对应一个老师
• 对于学生而言,就是和老师之间就是多对一的关系,对应关联的
• 对于老师而言,可以和多个学生之间产生关系,相当于集合

1.1 创建表

CREATE TABLE `teacher` (
                           `id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
                           `name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
                           PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO teacher(`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, '童老师');

CREATE TABLE student (
                           `id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
                           `name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
                           `tid` INT(10) DEFAULT NULL,
                           PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
                           KEY `fktid` (`tid`),
                           CONSTRAINT `fktid` FOREIGN KEY (`tid`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

insert   INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('1', '小明', '1');
INSERT INTO student (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('2', '小红', '1');
INSERT INTO student (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('3', '小张', '1');
INSERT INTO student (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('4', '小李', '1');
INSERT INTO student (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('5', '小王', '1');

2.2 环境搭建

1,新建实体类Teacher,Student

@Data
public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;
}

@Data
public class Student {
   private  int id;
   private String name;

   //学生关联一个老师
    private Teacher teacher;
}

2,创建Mapper接口 TeacherMapper和StudentMapper

public interface TeacherMapper {
    @Select("select * from teacher where id = #{id}")
    Teacher getTeacherById(@Param("id") int id);
}
public interface StudentMapper {
}

3,创建Mapper.xml映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.doer.dao.StudentMapper">

</mapper>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.doer.dao.TeacherMapper">

</mapper>

4,mybatis-config.xml配置文件中绑定Mapper,

<mappers>
    <mapper class="com.doer.dao.TeacherMapper"/>
    <mapper class="com.doer.dao.StudentMapper"/>
</mappers>

5测试

@Test
public void getTeacherById(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    TeacherMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
    Teacher teacherById = mapper.getTeacherById(1);
    System.out.println(teacherById);
    sqlSession.close();
}

测试成功,基本环境搭建完成 接下来我们进行多对一以及一对多的查询

1.3 Mysql中的多对一查询方式

• 子查询sql

  select id,name,tid from student where tid = (select teacher.id from teacher where id = 1);
  

• 联表查询sql

  select s.id,s.name,t.name from student s ,teacher t where s.tid = t.id;
  

1.4 按照查询嵌套处理 子查询

需要使用association 学生实体中的teacher 以及数据库对应字段中的tid 转换为Teacher实体类型

<select id="getStudent" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
    select * from student;
</select>
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="Student">
    <result property="id" column="id"/>
    <association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher">
    select * from teacher where id=#{id}
</select>

1.5 按照结果嵌套处理 联合查询

<select id="getStudent2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2">
    select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname from student s ,teacher t where s.tid = t.id;
</select>
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="Student">
    <result property="id" column="sid"/>
    <result property="name" column="sname"/>
    <association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
        <result property="name" column="tname"/>
    </association>
</resultMap>

二 一对多处理

上面是多个学生拥有一个老师,对于老师来说就是一对多的关系
一对多和多对一的区别是,我们需要使用collection 标签 多对一时使用association 标签

1.实体类

@Data
public class Student {
   private  int id;
   private String name;
   private int tid;
}

@Data
public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    //一个老师拥有多个学生
    private List<Student> students;
}

mapper映射文件sql配置

<!--按照结果嵌套查询-->
<select id="getTeacher" resultMap="TeacherStudent">
    select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname,t.id tid from student s,teacher t where t.id=#{tid}
</select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="Teacher">
    <result property="id" column="tid"/>
    <result property="name" column="tname"/>
    <!--对象用association 集合用collection javaType指定属性的类型,
        集合中的泛型信息,我们使用ofType获取-->
    <collection property="students" ofType="Student">
        <result property="id" column="sid"/>
        <result property="name" column="sname"/>
        <result property="tid" column="tid"/>
    </collection>
</resultMap>

测试

@Test
public void getTeacher(){
    SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    TeacherMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
    Teacher teacher = mapper.getTeacher(1);
    System.out.println(teacher);
    sqlSession.close();
}

输出

Teacher(id=1, name=童老师, 
        students=[
            Student(id=1, name=小明, tid=1),
            Student(id=2, name=小红, tid=1), 
            Student(id=3, name=小张, tid=1), 
            Student(id=4, name=小李, tid=1), 
            Student(id=5, name=小王, tid=1)])