ThreadLocal

ThreadLocal提供了线程局部变量，可以视为内部通过一个Map(实际是内部类ThreadLocalMap)存取数据，存取数据只在同一线程有效。
下面是该类的简单模拟，实际比这复杂：

public class ThreadLocal<T>{
private Map<Runnable,T> map = new HashMap<Runnable,T>();
//把传入的参数绑定到当前线程上
public void set(T t){
    map.put(Thread.currentThread(),t);  
}
//从当前线程上删除对象
public void remove(){
    map.remove(Thread.currentThread());
}
//获取当前线程上绑定的对象
public T get(){
    return map.get(Thread.currentThread()); 
}
}

应用：
1、管理Connection，控制事物开启关闭

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;

/**
 * 封装事物相关方法,确保dao层中使用的Connection相同
 */
public class TransactionManager {
    //
    private static ThreadLocal<Connection> tLocal=new ThreadLocal<>();
    /**
     * 从线程中获取连接
     * @return
     */
    public static Connection getConnection(){
        Connection conn = tLocal.get();
        if(conn==null){
            conn=DBCPUtil.getConnection();
            tLocal.set(conn);
        }
        return conn;
    }
    /**
     * 开启事物
     */
    public static void startTransaction(){
        try {
            Connection conn = getConnection();
            conn.setAutoCommit(false);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
    /**
     * 回退
     */
    public static void rollback(){
        try {
            Connection conn = getConnection();
            conn.rollback();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
    /**
     * 提交
     */
    public static void commit(){
        try {
            Connection conn = getConnection();
            conn.commit();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
    /**
     * 连接回到连接池，线程局部变量清空
     */
    public static void release(){
        try {
            Connection conn = getConnection();
            conn.close();
            tLocal.remove();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

2、在struts2框架中，ActionContext就是通过此类控制的

static ThreadLocal<ActionContext> actionContext = new ThreadLocal<ActionContext>();