假设我们要提供一个小小的服务,采用HTTP协议进行通讯,客户端 POST 一些数据到服务器上。客户端不一定是PC,更不一定会按照一个Web Form的格式来提交数据,它可能是一个运行在PC上的Desktop Application,也可能是一个移动设备。
服务器端接收这样的请求极其简单,下面寥寥数行代码即可实现:
在Web站点中新建一个Generic Handler(*.ashx),代码如下:
- <%@ WebHandler Language= "C#" Class= "Echo" %>
- using System;
- using System.Web;
- using System.IO;
- public class Echo : IHttpHandler
- {
- private System.Text.Encoding DefaultEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
- public void ProcessRequest (HttpContext context)
- {
- context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain" ;
- context.Response.ContentEncoding = DefaultEncoding;
- Stream inputStream = context.Request.InputStream;
- using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(inputStream, DefaultEncoding))
- {
- string requestContent = reader.ReadToEnd();
- string responseContent = string .Format( "Received: {0} <== END" , requestContent);
- context.Response.Write(responseContent);
- }
- }
- public bool IsReusable
- {
- get { return false ; }
- }
- }
然后我们写一个简单的客户端来测试它。在这个客户端里我们实现了一个类HttpClient来进行HTTP POST操作:
- // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
- // <copyright file="HttpClient.cs" author="Yaping Xin">
- // Http protocol client.
- // </copyright>
- // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
- namespace ConsoleClient
- {
- using System;
- using System.IO;
- using System.Net;
- using System.Text;
- /// <summary>
- /// Http protocol client.
- /// </summary>
- public class HttpClient
- {
- /// <summary>
- /// Post data to specific url and get response content.
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="url">the url to post</param>
- /// <param name="postData">post data</param>
- /// <returns>response content</returns>
- public string Post( string url, string postData)
- {
- Uri uri = new Uri(url);
- HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri);
- request.Method = "POST" ;
- request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" ;
- Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
- byte [] bytes = encoding.GetBytes(postData);
- request.ContentLength = bytes.Length;
- using (Stream writer = request.GetRequestStream())
- {
- writer.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
- writer.Close();
- }
- return this .ReadResponse(request);;
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// Read response content from http request result.
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="request">http request object</param>
- /// <returns>response content.</returns>
- private string ReadResponse(HttpWebRequest request)
- {
- string result = string .Empty;
- using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse())
- {
- using (Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream())
- {
- using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8))
- {
- result = reader.ReadToEnd();
- reader.Close();
- }
- }
- }
- return result;
- }
- }
- }
然后我们这样就能得到HTTP POST的返回:
- // Replace the string content with your actual address please.
- string defaultUrl = "http://ServerName:8081/WebPath/AnyService.ashx" ;
- HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
- string response = client.Post(defaultUrl, @ "abc 123! 测试 @" );
- Console.OutputEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
- Console.WriteLine(response);
假设Client与Server两端都约定好采取某个格式对数据进行序列化与反序列化,例如都采用Json,客户端把对象通过Json封装后 Post给Server,Server再采用Json将对象从Json字符串中解析出来,这样进行数据传递是便利的。再假设我们要压缩传送出的数据量,那 么可以进行gzip压缩与解压。又假设我们要考虑安全性,那么我们可以在对象的结构中添加security token进行认证,以及采用某种加密算法对字符串进行加密与解密。怎么发挥就看您具体的应用了,构建一个属于您自己的轻量的service易如反掌。