1、lambda()
lambda()是Python里的匿名函数,其语法如下:
lambda [arg1[, arg2, ... argN]]: expression
funa = lambda x,y:x * y
a = funa(2,3)
print a
print (lambda x,y:x*y)(2,3)
2、filter()
filter(function, sequence):对sequence中的item依次执行function(item),将执行结果为True的item组成一个List/String/Tuple(取决于sequence的类型)返回:
def ff(x):
return x % 2 != 0 and x % 3 != 0
la = filter(ff,range(2,25))
print la
3、map()
map(function, sequence) :对sequence中的item依次执行function(item),见执行结果组成一个List返回:
def cube(x):
return x * x * x
lb = map(cube,range(1,11))
print lb
#另外map也支持多个sequence,这就要求function也支持相应数量的参数输入:
def add(x,y):
return x + y
lc = map(add,range(8),range(8))
print lc
4、reduce()
reduce(function, sequence, starting_value):对sequence中的item顺序迭代调用function,如果有starting_value,还可以作为初始值调用,例如可以用来对List求和:
print reduce(add,range(1,11))
print reduce(add,range(1,11),20)
综合例子
#计算5!+4!+3!+2!+1!
ac=[5,4,3,2,1]
def fun(x):
result = 1
while x >= 1:
result = result * x
x = x - 1
return result
print reduce(lambda x,y:x+y, map(fun,ac))
#将100以内的质数挑选出来
import math
def isPrime(n):
if n <= 1:
return False
for i in range(2, int(math.sqrt(n)) + 1):
if n % i == 0:
return False
return True
print filter(isPrime,range(1,100))