问题描述及代码:
/*
*copyright (c) 2016,烟台大学计算机学院
*All rights reserved.
*文件名称:hellow.cpp
*作者:田甜
*完成日期:2016年5月16日
*版本号:v1.0
*问题描述:
(1)请用类的友元函数,而不是成员函数,定义复数类重载运算符+、-、*、/,使之能用于复数的加减乘除
*输入描述:///
*程序输出:///
*/
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}
friend Complex operator+(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
friend Complex operator-(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
friend Complex operator*(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
friend Complex operator/(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
void display();
private:
double real;
double imag;
};
Complex operator+(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
Complex c(c1.real+c2.real,c1.imag+c2.imag);
return c;
}
Complex operator-(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
Complex c(c1.real-c2.real,c1.imag-c2.imag);
return c;
}
Complex operator*(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
Complex c(c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag,c1.imag*c2.real-c1.real*c2.imag);
return c;
}
Complex operator/(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
Complex c((c1.real*c2.real+c1.imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag),(c1.imag*c2.real-c1.real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag));
return c;
}
void Complex::display()
{
cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<")"<<endl;
}
int main()
{
Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
cout<<"c1=";
c1.display();
cout<<"c2=";
c2.display();
c3=c1+c2;
cout<<"c1+c2=";
c3.display();
c3=c1-c2;
cout<<"c1-c2=";
c3.display();
c3=c1*c2;
cout<<"c1*c2=";
c3.display();
c3=c1/c2;
cout<<"c1/c2=";
c3.display();
return 0;
}
运行结果:
心得体会:
友元函数比成员函数应用的范围更广,因为其可以应对一个东西加这个类的情况,即第一个参数不一定是类的对象。
当然也可以定义成一般的函数,但是用类内的数据时需要使用接口函数,很麻烦,可以用友元函数的情况下避免用一般函数,何苦呢。