JDBC编程指南

JDBC编程大致需如下步骤；

1.加载数据库驱动

//加载驱动
Class.forName(driverClass);

2.通过DriverManager获取数据库连接

//获取数据库连接
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(String url,String user,String pass);

3.通过Connection对象创建Statement对象

//创建Statement对象
Statement stmt=conn.createStatement();

4.使用Statement执行SQL语句

//使用Statement进行查询并返回结果集ResultSet
ResultSet rs=stmt.executeQuery(sql);

5.操作结果集（仅限查询类语句）

while (rs.next()) {
                        for(int i=0;i<columnCount;i++) {
                            System.out.println(rs.getString(i+1)+"\t");
                        }
                        System.out.println("\n");
                    }

下面以一个Mysql数据库的例子为例，实现查询操作。

package jdbc;

import com.sun.org.apache.xpath.internal.SourceTree;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * Created by John on 2017/8/29.
 */
public class ExecuteSQL {
    private String driver;
    private String url;
    private String user;
    private String pass;

    public void initParam(String paramFile)throws Exception {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.load(new FileInputStream(paramFile));
        driver = props.getProperty("driver");
        url = props.getProperty("url");
        user = props.getProperty("user");
        pass = props.getProperty("pass");
    }
    public void executeSql(String sql) throws Exception {
        Class.forName(driver);
        try (
                Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, pass);
                Statement stmt=conn.createStatement()
        ) {
            boolean hasResultSet = stmt.execute(sql);
            if (hasResultSet) {
                try (
                        ResultSet rs = stmt.getResultSet()
                ) {
                    ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
                    int columnCount = rsmd.getColumnCount();
                    while (rs.next()) {
                        for(int i=0;i<columnCount;i++) {
                            System.out.println(rs.getString(i+1)+"\t");
                        }
                        System.out.println("\n");
                    }
                }
            }else{
                System.out.println("该Sql语句影响的记录有"+stmt.getUpdateCount()+"条");
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws  Exception{
        ExecuteSQL es = new ExecuteSQL();
        es.initParam("D:\\study\\IdeaProject\\src\\jdbc\\mysql.ini");
        System.out.println("----------执行查询数据的查询语句");
        es.executeSql("select *"+" from people");
    }
}

mysql.ini文件如下：

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test
usr=root
pass=root