HYSBZ - 1026 && BZOJ1026 windy数

给两个数1 <= a <= b <= 2e9,求他们之间的windy数的个数

windy数定义：不含前导零且相邻两个数字之差至少为2的正整数被称为windy数。

这题用数位dp来做

定义：dp[i][j]:第i位数字为j，并且满足情况数的个数.

那么状态转移方程为

dp[i][j] = ∑dp[i−1][k] (abs(k−j) >= 2)

最后用差分搞一搞，solve(b + 1) - solve(a)就是a, b之间满足情况的个数了(solve(x)表示小于x的满足条件的个数)

“注意一下dp细节即可”

咳咳还是说一下dp的细节：

初始化为0，不谈。

dp[1][i]初始化为1，这是处理只有一位的情况

然后对于2-11位，枚举这一位的数字j，对于这个j，枚举它的前面一位数字为k，满足abs(k - j) >= 2就更新

dp[i][j] += dp[i-1][k]

好啦，dp数组初始化好了，对于一个数n，如何求小于它的满足条件的数的个数呢

比如一个数是四位的

首先加上三位的所有情况，再加上第四位1-(num[4] - 1)的所有情况

以上这些情况都是能严格保证小于所给的数的

所以要特殊对待一下第四位就是所给的数的第四位的时候

从高位往地位遍历，如果相差可以大于2的话就加上这个位置的答案，并且一旦碰到给出的相差就小于2，直接break

（因为你往下不能改了）

最后很容易发现所给的数本身是没有判断的，所以算出来的是小于这个数的答案

#pragma GCC diagnostic error "-std=c++11"
#include<set>
#include<map>
#include<cmath>
#include<ctime>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<cstdio>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstring>
#include<iomanip>
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#define fi first
#define se second
#define pb push_back
#define lowbit(x) x&(-x)
#define PII  pair<int, int> 
#define all(x) x.begin(), x.end()
#define FAST ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0)
typedef long long ll;
const int inf = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const int mod = (int)1e9 + 7;
const int maxn = (int)1e5 + 5;
using namespace std;
#define int ll

int dp[12][10];
int num[12];

void init(){
	memset(dp, 0, sizeof(dp));
	for(int i = 0; i <= 9; i++) dp[1][i] = 1;
	for(int i = 2; i <= 11; i++){
		for(int j = 0; j <= 9; j++){
			for(int k = 0; k <= 9; k++){
				if(abs(j - k) >= 2) dp[i][j] += dp[i-1][k];
			}
		}
	}
}

int solve(int n){
	int cnt = 0, sum = 0;
	while(n){
		num[++cnt] = n % 10;
		n /= 10;
	}
	num[cnt+1] = 0;
	for(int i = 1; i < cnt; i++){
		for(int j = 1; j <= 9; j++){
			sum += dp[i][j];
		}
	}
	for(int i = 1; i < num[cnt]; i++) sum += dp[cnt][i];
	for(int i = cnt - 1; i >= 1; i--){
		for(int j = 0; j <= num[i] - 1; j++){
			if(abs(num[i+1] - j) >= 2) sum += dp[i][j];
		}
		if(abs(num[i+1] - num[i]) < 2) break;
	}
	return sum;
}

int32_t main()
{
	init();
	ll a, b;
	scanf("%lld %lld", &a, &b);
	printf("%lld\n", solve(b + 1) - solve(a));
	return 0;
}

还有一种骚操作把这题做出来

极限数据2e9，分块打表，每1e6个数打出一个来，得到一个2e3的数组，输入两个数判断一下分别在哪个块，再差分搞一搞就行了

复杂度最差1e6，完全可以做出来

#include<set>
#include<map>
#include<cmath>
#include<ctime>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<cstdio>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstring>
#include<iomanip>
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#define fi first
#define se second
#define pb push_back
#define lowbit(x) x&(-x)
#define PII  pair<int, int> 
#define all(x) x.begin(), x.end()
#define FAST ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0)
typedef long long ll;
const int inf = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const int mod = (int)1e9 + 7;
const int maxn = (int)1e5 + 5;
using namespace std;

int table[maxn] = {
	202174,338305,476808,615022,753274,891526,1029740,1168243,1304374,1459689,1459689,1459689,1459689,1597903,1736155,1874407,2012621,2151124,2287255,2442570,
	2597885,2597885,2597885,2597885,2736137,2874389,3012603,3151106,3287237,3442552,3597867,3733998,3733998,3733998,3733998,3872250,4010464,4148967,4285098,4440413,
	4595728,4731859,4870362,4870362,4870362,4870362,5008576,5147079,5283210,5438525,5593840,5729971,5868474,6006688,6006688,6006688,6006688,6145191,6281322,6436637,
	6591952,6728083,6866586,7004800,7143052,7143052,7143052,7143052,7279183,7434498,7589813,7725944,7864447,8002661,8140913,8279165,8279165,8279165,8279165,8434480,
	8589795,8725926,8864429,9002643,9140895,9279147,9417361,9417361,9417361,9417361,9572676,9708807,9847310,9985524,10123776,10262028,10400242,10538745,10538745,10538745,
	10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,
	10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10538745,10694060,10830191,10830191,10830191,10830191,10968443,11106657,11245160,11381291,11536606,
	11691921,11828052,11966555,11966555,11966555,11966555,12104769,12243272,12379403,12534718,12690033,12826164,12964667,13102881,13102881,13102881,13102881,13241384,13377515,13532830,
	13688145,13824276,13962779,14100993,14239245,14239245,14239245,14239245,14375376,14530691,14686006,14822137,14960640,15098854,15237106,15375358,15375358,15375358,15375358,15530673,
	15685988,15822119,15960622,16098836,16237088,16375340,16513554,16513554,16513554,16513554,16668869,16805000,16943503,17081717,17219969,17358221,17496435,17634938,17634938,17634938,
	17634938,17634938,17773441,17911655,18049907,18188159,18326373,18464876,18601007,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,
	18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,18756322,
	18911637,19047768,19186271,19186271,19186271,19186271,19324485,19462988,19599119,19754434,19909749,20045880,20184383,20322597,20322597,20322597,20322597,20461100,20597231,20752546,
	20907861,21043992,21182495,21320709,21458961,21458961,21458961,21458961,21595092,21750407,21905722,22041853,22180356,22318570,22456822,22595074,22595074,22595074,22595074,22750389,
	22905704,23041835,23180338,23318552,23456804,23595056,23733270,23733270,23733270,23733270,23888585,24024716,24163219,24301433,24439685,24577937,24716151,24854654,24854654,24854654,
	24854654,24854654,24993157,25131371,25269623,25407875,25546089,25684592,25820723,25976038,25976038,25976038,25976038,26114252,26252504,26390756,26528970,26667473,26803604,26958919,
	26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,
	26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,26958919,27114234,27250365,27388868,27527082,27527082,27527082,27527082,27665585,27801716,27957031,
	28112346,28248477,28386980,28525194,28663446,28663446,28663446,28663446,28799577,28954892,29110207,29246338,29384841,29523055,29661307,29799559,29799559,29799559,29799559,29954874,
	30110189,30246320,30384823,30523037,30661289,30799541,30937755,30937755,30937755,30937755,31093070,31229201,31367704,31505918,31644170,31782422,31920636,32059139,32059139,32059139,
	32059139,32059139,32197642,32335856,32474108,32612360,32750574,32889077,33025208,33180523,33180523,33180523,33180523,33318737,33456989,33595241,33733455,33871958,34008089,34163404,
	34318719,34318719,34318719,34318719,34456971,34595223,34733437,34871940,35008071,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,
	35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,35163386,
	35318701,35454832,35593335,35731549,35869801,35869801,35869801,35869801,36005932,36161247,36316562,36452693,36591196,36729410,36867662,37005914,37005914,37005914,37005914,37161229,
	37316544,37452675,37591178,37729392,37867644,38005896,38144110,38144110,38144110,38144110,38299425,38435556,38574059,38712273,38850525,38988777,39126991,39265494,39265494,39265494,
	39265494,39265494,39403997,39542211,39680463,39818715,39956929,40095432,40231563,40386878,40386878,40386878,40386878,40525092,40663344,40801596,40939810,41078313,41214444,41369759,
	41525074,41525074,41525074,41525074,41663326,41801578,41939792,42078295,42214426,42369741,42525056,42661187,42661187,42661187,42661187,42799439,42937653,43076156,43212287,43367602,
	43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,
	43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43367602,43522917,43659048,43797551,43935765,44074017,44212269,44212269,44212269,44212269,44367584,
	44522899,44659030,44797533,44935747,45073999,45212251,45350465,45350465,45350465,45350465,45505780,45641911,45780414,45918628,46056880,46195132,46333346,46471849,46471849,46471849,
	46471849,46471849,46610352,46748566,46886818,47025070,47163284,47301787,47437918,47593233,47593233,47593233,47593233,47731447,47869699,48007951,48146165,48284668,48420799,48576114,
	48731429,48731429,48731429,48731429,48869681,49007933,49146147,49284650,49420781,49576096,49731411,49867542,49867542,49867542,49867542,50005794,50144008,50282511,50418642,50573957,
	50729272,50865403,51003906,51003906,51003906,51003906,51142120,51280623,51416754,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,
	51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,51572069,
	51727384,51863515,52002018,52140232,52278484,52416736,52554950,52554950,52554950,52554950,52710265,52846396,52984899,53123113,53261365,53399617,53537831,53676334,53676334,53676334,
	53676334,53676334,53814837,53953051,54091303,54229555,54367769,54506272,54642403,54797718,54797718,54797718,54797718,54935932,55074184,55212436,55350650,55489153,55625284,55780599,
	55935914,55935914,55935914,55935914,56074166,56212418,56350632,56489135,56625266,56780581,56935896,57072027,57072027,57072027,57072027,57210279,57348493,57486996,57623127,57778442,
	57933757,58069888,58208391,58208391,58208391,58208391,58346605,58485108,58621239,58776554,58931869,59068000,59206503,59344717,59344717,59344717,59344717,59483220,59619351,59774666,
	59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,
	59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59774666,59929981,60066112,60204615,60342829,60481081,60619333,60757547,60896050,60896050,60896050,
	60896050,60896050,61034553,61172767,61311019,61449271,61587485,61725988,61862119,62017434,62017434,62017434,62017434,62155648,62293900,62432152,62570366,62708869,62845000,63000315,
	63155630,63155630,63155630,63155630,63293882,63432134,63570348,63708851,63844982,64000297,64155612,64291743,64291743,64291743,64291743,64429995,64568209,64706712,64842843,64998158,
	65153473,65289604,65428107,65428107,65428107,65428107,65566321,65704824,65840955,65996270,66151585,66287716,66426219,66564433,66564433,66564433,66564433,66702936,66839067,66994382,
	67149697,67285828,67424331,67562545,67700797,67700797,67700797,67700797,67836928,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,
	67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,67992243,
	67992243,67992243,68130746,68268960,68407212,68545464,68683678,68822181,68958312,69113627,69113627,69113627,69113627,69251841,69390093,69528345,69666559,69805062,69941193,70096508,
	70251823,70251823,70251823,70251823,70390075,70528327,70666541,70805044,70941175,71096490,71251805,71387936,71387936,71387936,71387936,71526188,71664402,71802905,71939036,72094351,
	72249666,72385797,72524300,72524300,72524300,72524300,72662514,72801017,72937148,73092463,73247778,73383909,73522412,73660626,73660626,73660626,73660626,73799129,73935260,74090575,
	74245890,74382021,74520524,74658738,74796990,74796990,74796990,74796990,74933121,75088436,75243751,75379882,75518385,75656599,75794851,75933103,75933103,75933103,75933103,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,76088418,
	76088418,76088418,76226921,76365135,76503387,76641639,76779853,76918356,77054487,77209802,77209802,77209802,77209802,77348016,77486268,77624520,77762734,77901237,78037368,78192683,
	78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,
	78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78192683,78347998,78484129,78622632,78760846,78760846,78760846,78760846,78899349,79035480,79190795,
	79346110,79482241,79620744,79758958,79897210,79897210,79897210,79897210,80033341,80188656,80343971,80480102,80618605,80756819,80895071,81033323,81033323,81033323,81033323,81188638,
	81343953,81480084,81618587,81756801,81895053,82033305,82171519,82171519,82171519,82171519,82326834,82462965,82601468,82739682,82877934,83016186,83154400,83292903,83292903,83292903,
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};


bool check(int n)
{
	int now = n % 10;
	n /= 10;
	while(n){
		if(abs(now - (n % 10)) < 2) return false;
		now = n % 10;
		n /= 10;
	}
	return true;
}

int main()
{
	int div = (int)1e6;
	int a, b; scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);
	int ta = a / div, tb = b / div;
	if(ta == tb){
		int cnt = 0;
		for(int i = a; i <= b; i++){
			if(check(i)) cnt++;
		}
		cout << cnt << endl;
	}
	else {
		int sum1 = 0, sum2 = 0;
		if(a >= div) sum1 += table[ta-1];
		if(b >= div) sum2 += table[tb-1];
		int lower1 = a / div * div, lower2 = b / div * div;
		for(int i = lower1 + 1; i <= a - 1; i++) if(check(i)) sum1++;
		for(int i = lower2 + 1; i <= b; i++) if(check(i)) sum2++;
		printf("%d\n", sum2 - sum1);
	}
	return 0;
}

为什么我学的都是这些骚东西。。